1. Motzer R, Jonasch E, Agarwal N. Kidney Cancer: NCCN Evidence Blocks, Version 2.2018, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. 2017.
2. Chow W-H, Dong LM, Devesa SS. Epidemiology and risk factors for kidney cancer. Nature Reviews Urology 2010;7:245.
3. Leibovich BC, Lohse CM, Crispen PL, et al. Histological Subtype is an Independent Predictor of Outcome for Patients With Renal Cell Carcinoma. The Journal of Urology 2010;183:1309-16.
4. Moch H, Gasser T, Amin MB, Torhorst J, Sauter G, Mihatsch MJ. Prognostic utility of the recently recommended histologic classification and revised TNM staging system of renal cell carcinoma. Cancer 2000;89:604-14.
5. Shetty A, Matrana MR. Renal Medullary Carcinoma: A Case Report and Brief Review of the Literature. The Ochsner Journal 2014;14:270-5.
6. Durinck S, Stawiski EW, Pavía-Jiménez A, et al. Spectrum of diverse genomic alterations define non–clear cell renal carcinoma subtypes. Nature genetics 2015;47:13.
7. Carlo MI, Khan N, Chen Y, et al. The genomic landscape of metastatic non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma. American Society of Clinical Oncology; 2017.
8. Molina AM, Feldman DR, Ginsberg MS, et al. Phase II trial of sunitinib in patients with metastatic non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Investigational New Drugs 2012;30:335-40.
9. Choueiri TK, Plantade A, Elson P, et al. Efficacy of Sunitinib and Sorafenib in Metastatic Papillary and Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma. Journal of Clinical Oncology 2008;26:127-31.
10. Gore ME, Szczylik C, Porta C, et al. Safety and efficacy of sunitinib for metastatic renal-cell carcinoma: an expanded-access trial. The Lancet Oncology 2009;10:757-63.
11. Ravaud A, Oudard S, De Fromont M, et al. First-line treatment with sunitinib for type 1 and type 2 locally advanced or metastatic papillary renal cell carcinoma: a phase II study (SUPAP) by the French Genitourinary Group (GETUG)†. Annals of Oncology 2015;26:1123-8.
12. Tannir NM, Plimack E, Ng C, et al. A phase 2 trial of sunitinib in patients with advanced non–clear cell renal cell carcinoma. European urology 2012;62:1013-9.
13. Lee JL, Ahn JH, Lim HY, et al. Multicenter phase II study of sunitinib in patients with non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Annals of Oncology 2012;23:2108-14.
14. Shi H-Z, Tian J, Li C-L. Safety and efficacy of sunitinib for advanced non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Asia-Pacific Journal of Clinical Oncology 2015;11:328-33.
15. Blank CU, Bono P, Larkin JMG, et al. Safety and efficacy of everolimus in patients with non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma refractory to VEGF-targeted therapy: Subgroup analysis of REACT. Journal of Clinical Oncology 2012;30:402-.
16. Escudier B, Molinie V, Bracarda S, et al. Open-label phase 2 trial of first-line everolimus monotherapy in patients with papillary metastatic renal cell carcinoma: RAPTOR final analysis. European Journal of Cancer 2016;69:226-35.
17. Larkin JMG, Fisher RA, Pickering LM, et al. Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma With Prolonged Response to Sequential Sunitinib and Everolimus. Journal of Clinical Oncology 2011;29:e241-e2.
18. Shuch B, Vourganti S, Friend JC, Zehngebot LM, Linehan WM, Srinivasan R. Targeting the mTOR pathway in chromophobe kidney cancer. Journal of Cancer 2012;3:152.
19. Maroto P, Anguera G, Roldan-Romero JM, et al. Biallelic TSC2 Mutations in a Patient With Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma Showing Extraordinary Response to Temsirolimus. Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network 2018;16:352-8.
20. Dutcher JP, Atkins M, Fisher R, et al. Interleukin-2-based therapy for metastatic renal cell cancer: the Cytokine Working Group experience, 1989-1997. The cancer journal from Scientific American 1997;3:S73-8.
21. Koh Y, Lim HY, Ahn JH, et al. Phase II trial of everolimus for the treatment of nonclear-cell renal cell carcinoma. Annals of Oncology 2013;24:1026-31.
22. Armstrong AJ, Halabi S, Eisen T, et al. Everolimus versus sunitinib for patients with metastatic non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ASPEN): a multicentre, open-label, randomised phase 2 trial. The Lancet Oncology 2016;17:378-88.
23. Tannir NM, Jonasch E, Albiges L, et al. Everolimus versus sunitinib prospective evaluation in metastatic non–clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ESPN): a randomized multicenter phase 2 trial. European urology 2016;69:866-74.
24. Hudes G, Carducci M, Tomczak P, et al. Temsirolimus, Interferon Alfa, or Both for Advanced Renal-Cell Carcinoma. New England Journal of Medicine 2007;356:2271-81.
25. Fernández-Pello S, Hofmann F, Tahbaz R, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the effectiveness and adverse effects of different systemic treatments for non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma. European urology 2017;71:426-36.
26. Srinivasan R, Su D, Stamatakis L, et al. 5 Mechanism based targeted therapy for hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC) and sporadic papillary renal cell carcinoma: interim results from a phase 2 study of bevacizumab and erlotinib. European Journal of Cancer 2014;50:8.
27. Martinez Chanza N, Bossé D, Bilen MA, et al. Cabozantinib (Cabo) in advanced non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma (nccRCC): A retrospective multicenter analysis. American Society of Clinical Oncology; 2018.
28. Schoffski P, Wozniak A, Escudier B, et al. Effect of crizotinib on disease control in patient with advanced papillary renal cell carcinoma type 1 with MET mutations or amplification: Final results of EORTC 90101 CREATE. American Society of Clinical Oncology; 2018.
29. Choueiri TK, Plimack ER, Arkenau H-T, et al. A single-arm biomarker-based phase II trial of savolitinib in patients with advanced papillary renal cell cancer (PRCC). American Society of Clinical Oncology; 2017.
30. Moreira RB, McKay RR, Xie W, et al. Clinical activity of PD1/PDL1 inhibitors in metastatic non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma (nccRCC). American Society of Clinical Oncology; 2017.
31. Chahoud J, Campbell MT, Gao J, et al. Nivolumab (nivo) for patients (pts) with metastatic non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma (nccRCC): A single-institution experience. American Society of Clinical Oncology; 2018.