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BERKELEY, CA (UroToday.com) - Patients with advanced germ cell tumours may present with metastatic disease at several sites.

Testis cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in young men. Most cases represent sporadic occurrences. Most commonly it presents at an early stage (clinical stage I) and is highly curable with radical orchiectomy.

Experience demonstrates multiple paths to cure for patients with clinical stage I testicular cancer. Because all options should provide a long-term disease-free rate near 100%, overall survival is no longer relevant in decision making, allowing practitioners to factor in quality of life, toxicity, cost, and impact on compliance.

Determining the metastatic viability of suspicious retroperitoneal nodes in testicular cancer with conventional imaging is challenging. The aim of this report is to review recent evidence in the utilization of novel imaging modalities to assess viable testicular cancer nodal metastases.

Therapeutic options for patients with chemoresistant germ cell tumors (GCT) are limited. Pazopanib is a selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor with distinct antiangiogenic activity. We aimed to evaluate pazopanib activity in patients with refractory GCT.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the long term treatment results of patients with primary mediastinal seminoma.

Sixteen patients aged 21-46 diagnosed with primary mediastinal seminoma between 1983 and 2014.

Background While an elevated risk of second malignant neoplasms (SMNs) has been observed in men treated for germ cell tumors (GCTs), risk of SMNs have not been quantified in adult women nor in girls treated for GCTs.

Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) are strikingly heterogeneous, reflecting a complex tumor model, posing serious challenges for pathologists. Accurate classification and staging, according to most recent systems, is fundamental.

Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection after chemotherapy has a proved role in the staging and treatment of metastatic testicular cancer.