MRI Articles

The objective of this study was to detect clinically significant and insignificant prostate cancer on (18)F-fluoroethylcholine (FECH) PET/CT and to correlate findings with transperineal template-guided prostate mapping (TPM) biopsy.

The aim was to characterize the properties of [68Ga]Pentixafor as tracer for prostate cancer imaging in a PC-3 prostate cancer xenograft mouse model and to investigate its correlation with [18F]FDG PET/CT, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ex vivo analyses.

In this retrospective study, we compared the diagnostic value of 68Gallium prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography computed tomography ([68Ga]PSMA PET/CT) in primary staging of patients with high-risk prostate cancer (PCa), in comparison to CT, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and bone scans, and we explored its overall impact on patients' management plan.

AIM - To evaluate the role of preoperative multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (MP-MRI) in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy. Specifically, the accuracy of MP-MRI in detecting extracapsular extension (ECE) and individuating the side of the index lesion have been explored.

Several systems for MRI/TRUS fusion-guided biopsy of the prostate are commercially available. Many studies have shown superiority of fusion systems for tumor detection and diagnostic quality compared to random biopsy.

The diagnostic for prostate cancer is changing. To improve the detection of this cancer, urologists expect a lot from the contribution of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). What is the role of this imaging in prostate cancer detection? This is a retrospective study, from 2011 to 2013, mono-centric and single-operator.

OBJECTIVE - We previously demonstrated the ability to detect metastatic prostate cancer using N-[N-[(S)-1,3-dicarboxypropyl]carbamoyl]-4-(18)F-fluorobenzyl-l-cysteine ((18)F-DCFBC), a low-molecular-weight radiotracer that targets the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). PSMA has been shown to be associated with higher Gleason grade and more aggressive disease. An imaging biomarker able to detect clinically significant high-grade primary prostate cancer reliably would address an unmet clinical need by allowing for risk-adapted patient management.

(18)F-FDG-PET/CT has become the reference standard in oncologic imaging against which the performance of other imaging modalities is measured. The promise of PET/MRI includes multi-parametric imaging to further improve diagnosis and phenotyping of cancer.

Pheochromocytoma (PHEO) in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is extremely rare. The incidence is reported as less than 2%. We report a case of a 76-year-old male with familial MEN1 who was found to have unilateral PHEO.

The purpose of this study is to compare radiologists' and urologists' opinions regarding prostate MRI reporting.

Radiologist members of the Society of Abdominal Radiology and urologist members of the Society of Urologic Oncology received an electronic survey regarding prostate MRI reporting.

The Prostate Cancer Research International Active Surveillance (PRIAS) study was initiated a decade ago to study the most optimal selection and follow-up of men on active surveillance (AS).

We report on 10 yr of follow-up of men on AS in the PRIAS study and evaluate if criteria used to recommend a switch to active treatment truly predict unfavorable outcome on subsequent radical prostatectomy (RP).

Active surveillance (AS) is a preferred management option for men with prostate cancer with favourable prognosis. However, nearly half of men on AS switch to treatment within 5 years, so therapeutic strategies to prevent or delay disease progression could be considered.

MR-guided high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy has gained increasing interest as a treatment for patients with localized prostate cancer because of the superior value of MRI for tumor and surrounding tissues localization.

We developed and validated an integrated radiomic-clinicopathologic nomogram (RadClip) for post-surgical biochemical recurrence free survival (bRFS) and adverse pathology (AP) prediction in men with prostate cancer (PCa).

To demonstrate the added benefit of multiparametric (mp)MRI risk stratification during active surveillance.

This prospective, single-arm, non-randomized study included 82 men with low-risk PCa.

The aim of this study is to develop a novel prognostic model for estimating the risk of postoperative urinary incontinence (UI) after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP).

Participants comprised 131 men who underwent RARP at our hospital from 2011 to 2013.

There is increasing interest in using imaging in the detection and localization of prostate cancer (PCa). Both multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and HistoScanning (HS) have been independently evaluated in the detection and localization of PCa.

The aim of this study was to evaluate three indirect MRI signs for predicting extraprostatic disease in patients referred to radical prostatectomy: index tumor volume (MTV), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and tumor contact length (TCL).

Spontaneously metastatic xenograft models of cancer are infrequent and the few that exist are resource intensive. In xenografts, caliper measurements can be used to determine primary tumor burden and response to therapy but in metastatic disease models determination of the presence of metastatic disease, metastatic burden, and response to therapy are difficult, often requiring serial necropsy.

To evaluate the performance of non-erectile MRI in staging and preoperative evaluation of penile carcinomas, compared to postoperative histopathology.

In this retrospective study, MRI scans of patients who had undergone surgery for penile carcinoma (n = 54) between January 2012 and April 2018 were read by two radiologists; and disagreement was solved in the presence of a third experienced radiologist.

To evaluate the accuracy of assessment of neurovascular bundle (NVB) infiltration using multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and PI-RADS V2 prior to prostatectomy.

The ethics committee approved this retrospective study with waiver of informed consent.

We investigated the accuracy of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) for preoperative staging and its influence on the determination of neurovascular bundle sparing and disease prognosis in patients with localized prostate cancer.

The study aims to assess the accuracy of multi-parametric prostate MRI (mpMRI) and18F-choline PET/CT in tumor segmentation for clinically significant prostate cancer.18F-choline PET/CT and 3 T mpMRI were performed in 10 prospective subjects prior to prostatectomy.

Noncontrast CT (NCCT) is the imaging study of choice for initial evaluation of patients with acute onset of flank pain and suspicion of stone disease without known prior stone disease. NCCT can reliably characterize the location and size of an offending ureteral calculus, identify complications, and diagnose alternative etiologies of abdominal pain.

Pyelonephritis refers to infection involving the renal parenchyma and renal pelvis. In most patients, uncomplicated pyelonephritis is diagnosed clinically and responds quickly to appropriate antibiotic treatment.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for most malignant renal tumors and is considered the most lethal of all urologic cancers. For follow-up of patients with treated or untreated RCC and those with neoplasms suspected to represent RCC, radiologic imaging is the most useful component of surveillance, as most relapses and cases of disease progression are identified when patients are asymptomatic.

Prostate cancer has a wide spectrum ranging between low-grade localized disease and castrate-resistant metastatic disease. Although whole gland and systematic therapies result in cure in the majority of patients, recurrent and metastatic prostate cancer can still occur.

Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) has a tendency toward urothelial multifocality and is at risk for local and distant spread, most commonly to the lymph nodes, bone, lung, liver, and peritoneum.

The staging and surveillance of testicular cancer is a complex topic, which integrates clinical, biochemical, and imaging components. The use of imaging for staging and surveillance of testicular cancer is individually tailored to each patient by considering tumor histology and prognosis.

Renal cell carcinoma is a complex group of highly heterogenous renal tumors demonstrating variable biological behavior. Pretreatment imaging of renal cell carcinoma involves accurate assessment of the primary tumor, presence of nodal, and distant metastases.

This study aimed to determine, in men recently diagnosed with grade group 1 (GG1) prostate cancer, if magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with targeted biopsy could identify a greater proportion of men with GG ≥2 cancer on their confirmatory biopsy compared with systematic biopsies.

To examine clinical practice patterns in locally managing patients under an active surveillance protocol among Portuguese urologists.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a heterogeneous disease with many prostate adenocarcinomas being indolent and a low probability of ever causing symptoms or death.

To assess the added value of concomitant systematic biopsies (SB) for final grade group prediction in MRI positive patients undergoing targeted biopsies (TB).

We included 478 consecutive patients had a pre-biopsy positive mpMRI, a >10-core SB combined with fusion TB, and a RP.

We aimed to develop and externally validate a nomogram based on MRI volumetric parameters and clinical information for deciding when SBx should be performed in addition to TBx in man with suspicious prostate MRI.

Adrenococortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare cancer, occurring at the rate of one case in two million person years. Cushing syndrome or a mixed picture of excess androgen and glucocorticoid production are the most common presentations of ACC.

Recent advancements in urologic imaging techniques aim to improve the initial detection of urologic malignancies and subsequent recurrence and to more accurately stage disease. This allows the urologist to make better informed treatment decisions.

Medical imaging of the 3 most common genitourinary (GU) cancers-prostate adenocarcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, and urothelial carcinoma of the bladder-has evolved significantly during the last decades.

Current guidelines do not provide strong recommendations on the preservation of the neurovascular bundles during RP in case of HR PCa and/or suspicious EPE. We aimed to evaluate when, in case of unilateral HR disease, contralateral NS should be considered or not.

Our aim was to analyse the feasibility of integrating an MRI acquired in a non-radiotherapy set-up into the prostate cancer radiotherapy workflow.

The MRIs of 15 prostate cancer patients, acquired with a flat table-top (MRI-flat), and with a curved tabletop (MRI-curve) were analysed.

Diagnosis of anterior prostate cancer is challenging. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of T2-weighted imaging and an apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map in the detection of anterior prostate cancer and to compare that with the diagnostic performance in the detection of posterior prostate cancer.

To investigate whether tumours at threshold values for detection on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) represent clinically significant tumours or not, and therefore the utility of MRI in active surveillance (AS) protocols.

The Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PIRADS) has shown promise in improving the detection of Gleason grade group (GG) 2-5 prostate cancer (PCa) and reducing the detection of indolent GG1 PCa.

We hypothesized that systematic biopsies (SBx) value for clinically significant PCa (csPCa) detection, in addition to mpMRI targeted biopsies (TBx), may vary significantly according to mpMRI index lesion (IL) characteristics.

To assess the intrafraction motion of the urinary bladder and delineate the appropriate margin size for radiotherapy planning, for both the full and empty bladder.

This was a single-site, single-arm study of 20 patients planned to undergo radical cystectomy for histologically confirmed muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

To evaluate the diagnostic performance and inter-reader reliability of the multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) based prostate imaging reporting and data system (PI-RADS) version 1 and version 2 for the assessment of prostate cancer.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) are the two most prevalent urologic diseases affecting elderly men. An inverse relationship between BPH/prostate size and PCa incidence is well documented in the current literature, but the precise mechanism is poorly understood.

To investigate specific imaging and patient-related factors associated with a false negative (FN) MRI-targeted prostate fusion biopsies (TBx) of suspicious MRI lesions.

Retrospective study of men with PI-RADS 4 or 5 lesions (11/2015-12/2020) and with TBx and SBx performed.

It is not known whether baseline prostate health index (PHI) at the initiation of active surveillance (AS) or repeated PHI testing during AS is of clinical value after confirmatory biopsy in AS men followed with multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI).

To evaluate the performance of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) for the local staging of bladder cancer following transurethral resection of bladder tumor.

This Institutional Review Board-approved, retrospective study identified 45 patients with pathology-proven bladder cancer who underwent transurethral resection followed by mpMRI between August 2011 and October 2016.

Urinary incontinence due to neurogenic detrusor overactivity is common in patients with disorders of lower motor neurons controlling the bladder. Multiple sclerosis is a major cause of neurogenic detrusor overactivity, which negatively impacts quality of life.