Infections

Recurrent urinary tract infection genetic risk: a systematic review and gene network analysis.

The development of recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTIs) is not completely understood. This review is aimed at investigating the connection between genetics and rUTIs and summarizing the results of studies that have documented variations in gene expression among individuals with rUTIs compared with healthy individuals.

Systematic Review: Bacterial Colonisation of Conduits and Neobladders - When to Test, Watch, and Treat - Beyond the Abstract

Bacterial colonization of diverted urinary tracts remains an understudied area of research. Outdated guideline recommendations prompted the publication of our review, where we have summarised the most up-to-date evidence in patients with urinary diversions. Of note, we highlight the need for streamlined definitions of bacteriuria, the benefits of monitoring bacteriuria over time, as well as the role of short-term antimicrobial therapy as part of management. However, an important area that must be further clarified is the relationship between asymptomatic bacteriuria, and subsequent urinary tract infection (UTI), in patients with urinary diversions.

Characterization and Trend of Co-Infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis from the Korean National Infectious Diseases Surveillance Database.

We analyzed the database from the Korean National Infectious Diseases Surveillance to reveal clinical characteristics of co-infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (CT).

Novel 3D organotypic urothelial cell culture model for identification of new therapeutic approaches in urological infections.

3D organotypic cell cultures offer the possibility to study cell growth in a more in vivo like situation. To our knowledge no 3D culture of primary urothelial cells has been established yet. BK Polyomavirus (BKPyV), replicating in urothelial cells, may cause haemorrhagic cystitis in immunocompromised patients.

Successful Endoscopic Management of a Renal Fungal Ball using Flexible Ureterorenoscopy.

Candida as a cause for urinary tract infection in healthy individuals is unusual. The extension of fungi into the urinary collecting system rarely leads to formation of bezoars or fungus balls. This can in turn lead to hydronephrosis, obstructive uropathy and sepsis.

Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria: 2019 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) is a common finding in many populations, including healthy women and persons with underlying urologic abnormalities. The 2005 guideline from the Infectious Diseases Society of America recommended that ASB should be screened for and treated only in pregnant women or in an individual prior to undergoing invasive urologic procedures.

Candida urinary tract infections in adults.

Candiduria is commonly seen in hospitalized patients and most of the patients are asymptomatic, but it may be due to cystitis, pyelonephritis, prostatitis, epididymo-orchitis or disseminated candidiasis.

Severe infectious complications of intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin: a case series of 10 patients.

To investigate severe infectious complications after intravesical treatment with bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). We examine a retrospective case series of ten patients between 2006 and 2018 with severe cystitis or systemic infection after BCG.

Prostate abscess caused by Nocardia farcina.

Nocardia farcinica usually infects the respiratory tract and can sometimes cause central nervous system infections; however, it rarely infects the prostate. Here we report the first case of N. farcinica detected in the purulence specimen drained from a prostate abscess.

Current status of countermeasures for infectious diseases and resistant microbes in the field of urology.

A worldwide increase in antimicrobial-resistant microbes due to the improper use of antimicrobial agents, along with a lack of progress in developing new antimicrobials, is becoming a societal problem.

Rapid Growth and Metabolism of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli in Relation to Urine Composition.

SUMMARYUropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains cause a majority of urinary tract infections (UTIs). Since UPEC strains can become antibiotic resistant, adjunct or alternate therapies are urgently needed.

Systematic review: bacterial colonisation of conduits and neobladders-when to test, watch, and treat.

Urinary diversion procedures frequently result in bacterial colonisation. There is an increased incidence of developing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in this patient population. Current guidelines, however, recommend against treating this colonisation.

A case of cavernosal abscess after neglected penile fracture and bacteremia.

Penile abscess is a urological entity rarely described in the literature. It has been associated with injection therapy for erectile dysfunction, penile instrumentation, trauma and priapism. Identified risk factors include immunosuppresion and pre-existing local or distant infection.

Predictive risk factors of urinary tract infection following flexible ureteroscopy despite preoperative precautions to avoid infectious complications.

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common complication after flexible ureteroscopy (fURS) despite technical precautions to avoid infectious complications. The aim was to investigate incidence and predictive risk factors of UTI following fURS procedure.

Factors associated with multidrug-resistant bacteria in a cohort of patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria who underwent urological surgery.

Although the factors associated to bacterial resistance in patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) have been studied in pregnant, fertile age women, patients with spinal cord injury, and those with urogynecological disorders, nothing is known about the factors associated with multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in patients with ASB and planned urological procedures.

Infections in the Elderly Critically-Ill Patients.

Infections are leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the advanced aged. Various factors including immunosenescens, comorbid chronic diseases, and alterations in normal physiological organ functions may modify the frequency and severity of infections in elderly patients.

Associated measures to antibiotic prophylaxis in urology.

Urinary tract infections are amongst the most frequent nosocomial infections followed by surgical site infections (SSI). Antibiotic prophylaxis is only one way to reduce the risk of post-operative infection.

Phenotypic screening for quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli.

Recent studies show that rectal colonization with low-level ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli (ciprofloxacin minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) above the epidemiological cutoff point, but below the clinical breakpoint for resistance), i.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings of Penile Abscess.

A 72-year-old man presented with pain and swelling in the penis, indicating penile infection or abscess. An ultrasound was performed but unable to lead to a diagnosis of abscess. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) was strongly suggestive of penile abscess.

In vitro efficacy of phytotherapeutics suggested for prevention and therapy of urinary tract infections.

To analyse the therapeutic efficacy of various phytotherapeutics and their antimicrobial compounds with regard to strain specificity and dose dependence.

A representative strain collection of 40 uropathogenic bacteria isolated from complicated and uncomplicated urinary tract infection was subjected to various virulence assays (bacterial growth, mannose-sensitive agglutination, and motility) to determine the therapeutic impact of various compounds with antimicrobial activity.