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Dose-escalation of epertinib (S-222611), a new potent oral EGFR/HER2 inhibitor, has established a recommended daily dose of 800 mg in patients with solid tumours. In this study, we have recruited a larger number of patients to assess further the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PKs) and antitumour activity.

Penile squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare malignancy with limited treatment options when the tumor is unresectable and/or chemorefractory. Triplet systemic chemotherapy regimens including taxane and cisplatin are recommended, but the response duration can be short and the treatment-related toxicity high.

The aim of this review is to evaluate the trends in multidisciplinary management of localized penile cancer and systemic therapy for advanced disease in the evolving era of targeted and immune checkpoint therapy.

3D tissue cultures provide a more physiologically relevant context for the screening of compounds, compared with 2D cell cultures. Cells cultured in 3D hydrogels also show complex phenotypes, increasing the scope for phenotypic profiling.

We retrospectively analysed the efficacy and safety of sorafenib in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma with renal impairment.

Patients were divided into two groups by an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) cut-off of 45 mL/min/1.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is associated with progression of many epithelial malignancies and represents a significant therapeutic target. Although clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) has been widely investigated for EGFR molecular alterations, genetic evidences of EGFR gene activating mutations and/or gene amplification have been rarely confirmed in the literature.

Penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) is a rare cancer, but is more common in developing countries. Locally advanced and metastatic PSCC is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, with the prognosis remaining extremely poor.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpression is believed to be associated with bladder cancer (BC) progression and poor clinical outcomes. In vivo studies have linked EGFR subcellular trafficking and chemo-resistance to cisplatin-based chemotherapies.

Penile carcinoma (PC) is more frequent in underdeveloped countries, generally is diagnosed at an advanced stage when therapeutic options are restricted, and thus is associated with high morbidity/mortality rates.

Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) consists of a heterogeneous group of tumors with a high rate of metastasis and mortality. To facilitate the in-depth investigation and validation of tailored strategies for MIBC treatment, we have developed an integrated approach using advanced high-throughput drug screening and a clinically relevant patient-derived preclinical platform.

The aim of the study is to clarify the clinical effects of first-line chemotherapy regimens for advanced urothelial cancer on clinical responses and survival of patients grouped by renal function.

In this multicenter retrospective cohort study, 345 urothelial cancer patients received systemic chemotherapy for metastatic or unresectable disease in 17 centers (2004-10).

Dysregulation of miR-514a-3p has been reported in multiple human malignancies. However, its biological function and molecular mechanisms in renal cell cancer (RCC) remain unclear. The aims of this study were to explore the role of miR-514a-3p and its potential mechanism in human RCC.

Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) remains at the forefront of immunotherapy for treating bladder cancer patients. However, the incidence of recurrence and progression to invasive cancer is commonly observed.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays a central role in the progression of several human malignancies. Although EGFR is a membrane receptor, it undergoes nuclear translocation, where it has a distinct signalling pathway.

The CXCL12/CXCR4 axis transactivates HER2 and promotes intraosseous tumor growth. To further explore the transactivation of HER2 by CXCL12, we investigated the role of small GTP protein Gαi2 in Src and HER2 phosphorylation in lipid raft membrane microdomains and the significance of CXCR4 in prostate cancer bone tumor growth.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been shown to have abnormal expression in many human cancers and is considered as a marker of poor prognosis. Frequency of over expression in bladder cancer has not been studied in our population; therefore we aimed to evaluate the frequency and prognostic significance of EGFR immunohistochemical expression in locoregional population.

We studied epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression profile in Urothelial Bladder carcinoma (UBC) which is a complex and heterogeneous disease with a large spectrum of histological aspects and deadly potential.

O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc or O-GlcNAcylation) is a post-translational modification, which plays a vital role in the progression of various cancers. The purpose of the present study was to assess O-GlcNAcylation in human renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Systemic therapy for urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the bladder has largely revolved around cytotoxic chemotherapy regimens. However, several recent clinical trials have explored the roles of targeted therapies which specifically inhibit signal transduction pathways.