DIAGNOSTICS Articles

Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a chronic debilitating condition which generally has a severely negative impact on quality of life. An autoimmune genetic predisposition correlates with the theory of pathogenesis.

As an orphan disease interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a frequently underdiagnosed and inadequately treated disease of the urinary bladder, often after years of symptoms. Caused by an unknown etiology, a high variability of symptoms, a lack of biomarkers and a gradual onset, IC/BPS is a diagnosis by exclusion and poses a special challenge to doctors and patients.

Male stress urinary incontinence is predominantly iatrogenic, whereby radical prostatectomy is the most frequent cause. The first-line treatment of postoperative stress urinary incontinence is physiotherapy, in which training of pelvic floor muscles and sphincter play a major role.

Urolithiasis is a widespread disease. Diagnostic imaging plays an important role in the evaluation and management of patients with suspected urolithiasis. Furthermore, modern imaging methods may provide information on stone location, size, fragility and composition aiding the urologist to determine the appropriate treatment modality.

Understanding men's values and preferences in the context of personal, physical, emotional, relational, and social factors is important in optimising patient counselling, facilitating treatment decision-making, and improving guideline recommendations.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are present in a variety of bodily fluids and they play an important role in cellular communications and signal transduction mechanisms. Studies have shown that the number of EVs and EV-associated biomarkers (i.

To assess the impact of (68) Ga-(HBED-CC)-PSMA (Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen) PET/CT in the clinical management of PCa patients with rising PSA after treatment with curative intent. (68) Ga-PSMA PET/CT scan is a novel molecular imaging technique in the field of prostate cancer (PCa).

Cancer diagnostics and surgery have been disrupted by the response of healthcare services to the COVID-19 pandemic. Progression of cancers during delay will impact on patient long-term survival.

We generated per-day hazard ratios of cancer progression from observational studies and applied these to age-specific, stage-specific cancer survival for England 2013-2017.

To summarise the current knowledge regarding diagnostics, prognostication and follow-up in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).

A scoping review combined with expert opinion was applied to provide an overview of the current research field.

Testicular tumors in prepubertal boys account for 1-2% of all solid pediatric tumors. They have a lower incidence, a different histologic distribution and are more often benign compared to testicular tumors in the adolescent and adult group.

Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common condition in elderly men causing a severe worsening of quality of life, and a significant cost for both patients and health systems.

To report a practical, evidence-based, guideline on definitions, pathophysiology, diagnostic workup, and treatment options for men with different forms of UI.

Female lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are a common presentation in urological practice. Thus far, only a limited number of female LUTS conditions have been included in the European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines compendium.

Exosomes have recently appeared as a novel source of non-invasive cancer biomarkers since tumor-specific molecules can be found in exosomes isolated from biological fluids. We have previously analyzed the proteome of urinary exosomes by mass spectrometry, and identified proteins differentially expressed in prostate cancer patients compared to healthy males.

Health technology assessments (HTAs) are increasingly used to inform coverage, access, and utilization of medical technologies including molecular diagnostics (MDx). Although MDx are used to screen patients and inform disease management and treatment decisions, there is no uniform approach to their evaluation by HTA organizations.

Nocturia, or waking up at night to void, is a highly prevalent and bothersome symptom. Currently, there is a lack of clear and consistent recommendations regarding evaluation and management of nocturia.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequent cancer found in males worldwide, and its mortality rate is increasing every year. However, there are no known molecular markers for advanced or aggressive PCa, and there is an urgent clinical need for biomarkers that can be used for prognosis and prediction of PCa.

Background: The objective of this study was to compare the prevalence of clinically significant prostate cancer (CSPCa) in men with biparametric prebiopsy prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and lesion-targeted biopsies (TBs) to the group of men without prebiopsy MRI in an initial biopsy session.

AIMS - Double reading may be a valuable tool for improving quality of patient care by identifying diagnostic errors before final sign-out, but standard double reading would significantly increase costs of pathology.

Nocturia or waking at night, to urinate is a common cause of awakenings and may lead to sleep disturbance, impaired somatic health, impaired quality of life, and increased mortality. The aim of this report is to point out and discuss the aspects and issues that need to be addressed to improve the care of nocturia.

Exosomes have recently appeared as a novel source of noninvasive cancer biomarkers, since these nanovesicles contain molecules from cancer cells and can be detected in biofluids. We have here investigated the potential use of lipids in urinary exosomes as prostate cancer biomarkers.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) comprises more than 80% of all renal cancers and when metastasized leads to a 5-year survival rate of only 10%. The high rate of therapy failure and resistance development calls for reliable methods that provide information on the actionable biological pathways and predict optimal treatment protocols for individual patients.

To evaluate the utility of kidney injury test (KIT) assay urinary biomarkers to detect kidney stones and quantify stone burden.

A total of 136 spot urine samples from 98 individuals, with and without kidney stone disease, were processed in a predefined assay to measure six DNA and protein markers in order to generate a risk score for the non-invasive detection of nephrolithiasis.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for 3% of adult malignancies and more than 90% of kidney neoplasms. High rates of undiagnostic percutaneous kidney biopsies and difficulties in reliable pre-operative differentiation between malignant and benign renal tumors using contemporary imaging techniques result in large numbers of redundant surgeries.

Despite promising vista of the use of microRNA in molecular diagnosis of bladder cancer, there are few data on their expression profiles, which impedes assessment of diagnostic value of these marker molecules.

Aim: To determine the accuracy of miRNA as a biomarker in male infertility diagnosis. Methods: After a systematic literature search was performed in several databases, 1263 participants in eight studies through May 2020 were included.

Prostate Cancer is now the second biggest cause of cancer mortality in the UK. Media coverage has been rising, with some attributing to a rise in the cases diagnosed and treated in the NHS down to the "Fry and Turnbull effect".

Interest in renal mass biopsies (RMBs) has increased in recent years. However, most publications are low-volume and/or single-center studies, so their generalizability is questionable. The aim of this study was to describe population-based, real-life use of diagnostic RMBs for localized and advanced kidney cancer (KC).

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are common, often bothersome, and have multifactorial aetiology.

To present a summary of the 2023 version of the European Association of Urology guidelines on the management of male LUTS.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a life-threatening disease affecting millions of men. The current best PCa biomarker (level of prostate-specific antigen in serum) lacks specificity for PCa diagnostics and this is why novel PCa biomarkers in addition to the conventional ones based on biomolecules such as DNA, RNA and proteins need to be identified.

Kidney stone disease in children is rising disproportionate to the general population, representing a disease population with a distinct biological mechanism as compared to adults. Factors influencing recurrent kidney stone disease in children are poorly characterized and the associations of the intestinal microbiome within sub-populations of kidney stone formers, however, are not well described.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in children and require appropriate diagnostic evaluation, management and follow-up.

To provide a summary of the updated European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines on Pediatric Urology, which were first published in 2015 in European Urology.

Urolithiasis in pregnancy is a major health concern and can potentially affect the well-being of both mother and foetus. Management of this condition often entails simultaneous multidisciplinary involvement of obstetrician, radiologist and urologist.

Urolithiasis, a condition in which calculi are found in the urinary tract, has been known for centuries. Although the disease was considered casuistic in the pediatric population, its prevalence is rising among both children and infants.

Urolithiasis, a condition in which calculi are found in the urinary tract, has been known for centuries. Although the disease was considered casuistic in the pediatric population, its prevalence is rising among both children and infants.

Interstitial cystitis (IC) and bladder pain syndrome (BPS) are challenging and encompassing hypersensitivity disorders of the lower urinary tract. A variety of national and international guidelines have been published including guidance on nomenclature, definitions, etiopathology, diagnostics and treatment.

Many diseases leave behind specific metabolites which can be detected from breath and urine as volatile organic compounds (VOC). Our group previously described VOC-based methods for the detection of bladder cancer and urinary tract infections.