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Therapeutic interventions for advanced prostate cancer (PCa) center on inhibiting androgen receptor (AR) and downstream signaling pathways. Resistance to androgen deprivation therapy and/or AR antagonists is inevitable and molecular mechanisms driving castration-resistant PCa (CR-PCa) primarily involve alterations in AR expression and activity.
Published January 19, 2017
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Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in males worldwide. Circular RNA (circRNA) is a unique class of RNA transcribed by RNA polymerase II characterized by jointing 3' and 5' ends together via exon or intron circularization.
Published August 4, 2017
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Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men in the United States. Fucoidan is a bioactive polysaccharide extracted mainly from algae. The aim of this study was to investigate anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic effects of fucoidan in both cell-based assays and mouse xenograft model, as well as to clarify possible role of JAK-STAT3 pathway in the protection.
Published August 4, 2017
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Diabetic men have lowered overall prostate cancer (PCa) risk, while their risk of high-grade disease may be elevated. The antidiabetic drug metformin may reduce the risk. This study evaluated PCa incidence among users of metformin and other antidiabetic drugs in the Finnish Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (FinRSPC).
Published January 17, 2017
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To evaluate interobserver agreement with the use of and the positive predictive value (PPV) of Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2 (PI-RADS v2) for the localization of intermediate- and high-grade prostate cancers on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI).
Published May 31, 2017
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Imaging biomarkers like HistoScanning™ augment the informative value of ultrasound. Analogue image-guidance might improve the diagnostic accuracy of prostate biopsies and reduce misclassifications in preoperative staging and grading.
Published November 17, 2017
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Prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death in men worldwide. Aberrant signaling in the androgen pathway is critical in the development and progression of prostate cancer. Despite ongoing reliance on androgen receptor (AR) signaling in castrate resistant disease, in addition to the development of potent androgen targeting drugs, patients invariably develop treatment resistance.
Published April 25, 2017
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In the 1940s Charles Huggins reported remarkable palliative benefits following surgical castration in men with advanced prostate cancer, and since then the androgen receptor (AR) has remained the main therapeutic target in this disease.
Published January 17, 2017
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According to the novel prostate cancer (PCa) grade grouping, men with Gleason score 8 should be included in the grade group 4 regardless of primary and secondary scores. We aimed at evaluating the effect of Gleason patterns on the risk of recurrence in men with grade group 4 PCa.
Published April 4, 2017
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Prostate and breast cancer screening in older patients continue to be controversial. Balancing the desire for early detection with avoidance of over-diagnosis has led to competing and contradictory guidelines for both practices.
Published August 23, 2017
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The Memorial Anxiety Scale for Prostate Cancer (MAX-PC) was developed to identify and assess cancer-specific anxiety among men with prostate cancer (PCa); however, there is no Chinese version. The aim of our study was to translate the English version of MAX-PC into Chinese and evaluate the psychometric properties of it.
Published June 27, 2017
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Assessing the accuracy of multi parametric magnetic resonance (mp-MRI) after application of PI-RADS V2 for diagnosis of prostate cancer as comparison to pathological results of trans rectal ultra-sound (TRUS) guided biopsy.
Published April 17, 2017
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Pelvic radiotherapy for prostate cancer can be associated with bowel toxicity, which may have a significant impact on quality of life. Our aim was to assess the adequacy of the tools currently used to assess bowel symptoms after radiotherapy, including physician and patient reported outcomes.
Published September 22, 2017
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Bone scintigraphy is the standard of reference in bone metastases in prostate cancer patients. However, new radiotracers employed in prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-ligands has led to the growing importance of PET/CT as diagnostic tool.
Published August 10, 2017
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As the clinical use of cryoablation for the treatment of cancer has increased, so too has the need for knowledge on the dynamic environment within the frozen mass created by a cryoprobe. While a number of factors exist, an understanding of the iceball size, critical isotherm distribution/penetration, and the resultant lethal zone created by a cryoprobe are critical for clinical application.
Published May 20, 2017
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To evaluate the role of free-hand transperineal targeted prostate biopsy using multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging-transrectal ultrasound (mpMRI-TRUS) fusion in Chinese men with repeated biopsy.
Published July 12, 2017
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Introduction: Urinary incontinence is a complication of radical prostatectomy. Pelvic floor exercises can facilitate recovery of continence after surgery; however, there is not sufficient evidence that physical therapy with biofeedback training is effective, particularly with respect to providing a faster recovery.
Published March 8, 2017
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To evaluate male sexual function in Japanese prostate cancer patients undergoing permanent brachytherapy without endocrine treatment, using quality of life measures of the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite.
Published May 1, 2017
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The relationship between serum total testosterone and prostate cancer (PCa) risk is controversial. The hypothesis that faster age-related reduction in testosterone is linked with increased PCa risk remains untested.
Published July 19, 2017
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In this study we aimed to investigate the association between dietary phytoestrogen consumption and prostate cancer in a sample of southern Italian individuals.
A population-based case-control study on the association between prostate cancer and dietary factors was conducted from January 2015 to December 2016 in a single institution of the municipality of Catania, southern Italy (Registration number: 41/2015).
Published August 21, 2017
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Lead time (LT) is of key importance in early detection of cancer, but cannot be directly measured. We have previously provided LT estimates for prostate cancer (PCa) using archived blood samples from cohorts followed for many years without screening.
Published November 3, 2017
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Male pattern baldness (MPB) has been associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer (PC) as well as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). We performed a meta-analysis to quantitatively determine the level of risk of PC and BPH in individuals with baldness.
Published October 24, 2017
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Quality assurance methods are incorporated into multicentre radiotherapy clinical trials for ensuring consistent application of trial protocol and quantifying treatment uncertainties. The study's purpose was to determine whether post-treatment disease progression is associated with measures of the quality of radiotherapy treatment.
Published December 11, 2017
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The role of multi-parametric (mp)MRI in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer has increased considerably. An alternative to visual inspection of mpMRI is the evaluation using histogram-based (first order statistics) parameters and textural features (second order statistics).
Published August 29, 2017
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Tumor protein 53 (TP53), a tumor suppressor gene, is a vital cellular cancer suppressor in multicellular organisms. Murine double minute-2 (MDM2) is an oncoprotein that inhibits TP53 activity. A number of studies have examined the association of TP53 and MDM2 polymorphisms with the risk of common forms of cancer, but the findings remain inconclusive.
Published May 5, 2017
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Many potential chemopreventive agents have been used in PCa prevention, including selenium (Se) and lycopene (Ly). However, their role has been matter of debate over the years, due to potential of promotion of PCa.
Published September 22, 2017
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Observational studies suggest that shift work may be associated with prostate cancer. However, the results are inconsistent. The objective of this study is to quantitatively assess the association between shift work and the risk of prostate cancer.
Published November 14, 2017
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We reported that some, but not all single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in select immune response genes are associated with prostate cancer, but not individually with the prevalence of intraprostatic inflammation in the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial (PCPT) placebo arm.
Published March 27, 2017
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Among men, prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers and the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Phosphatase and tension homolog (PTEN) acts as a negative regulator of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PIK3)/Akt pathway and suppresses tumor progression.
Published November 16, 2017
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Substantial preclinical data suggest estrogen's carcinogenic role in prostate cancer development; however, epidemiological evidence based on circulating estrogen levels is largely null. Compared with circulating estrogen, the intraprostatic estrogen milieu may play a more important role in prostate carcinogenesis.
Published December 14, 2017
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In several observational studies, statin use has been associated with reduced risk of progression and mortality in men with prostate cancer (PCa). The study aim was to investigate the association between statin use at time of PCa diagnosis and time to PCa progression in men with advanced or metastatic PCa receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) as primary treatment.
Published August 30, 2017
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Atopy has been investigated as a potential risk factor for prostate cancer. IgE antibodies may be major players in protective responses against tumours, through engendering antigen presentation and enhancing adaptive immune responses targeted towards a specific allergen, but potentially also against tumour-associated antigens such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA).
Published August 13, 2017
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For several tumor entities, automated treatment planning has improved plan quality and planning efficiency, and may enable adaptive treatment approaches. Whole-pelvic prostate radiotherapy (WPRT) involves large concave target volumes, which present a challenge for volumetric arc therapy (VMAT) optimization.
Published December 25, 2017
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Despite advances in prostate cancer (PC) treatment and outcomes, it remains one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers and the second leading cause of cancer mortality in men. Furthermore, there exist little data about patient awareness of PC and the frequency of screening.
Published December 12, 2016
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Prostate cancer (PCa) has variable biological potential with multiple treatment options. A more personalized approach, therefore, is needed to better define men at higher risk of developing PCa, discriminate indolent from aggressive disease and improve risk stratification after treatment by predicting the likelihood of progression.
Published January 2, 2017
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Prostate cancer is a threat to men and usually occurs in aged males. Though prostate specific antigen level and Gleason score are utilized for evaluation of the prostate cancer in clinic, the biomarkers for this malignancy have not been widely recognized.
Published December 6, 2017
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A total of 15 men who died of prostate cancer had cT1/2 biopsy Gleason score ≤6 prostate cancer at prevalence screening in the European Randomized study of Screening for Prostate Cancer Rotterdam.
Published February 11, 2017
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Environmental exposures are contributing factors to prostate cancer etiology, but these remain unclear. We aimed to document the associations between environmental risk factors and prostate cancer in Chinese, with special reference to bisphenol A (BPA).
Published June 26, 2017
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Prostate cancer, one of the most common malignant tumors among men, is closely associated with obesity and, thus far, several studies have suggested the association between obesity and aggressive pathological characteristics in the United States.
Published May 26, 2017
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To make recommendations with respect to bone health and bone-targeted therapies in men with prostate cancer.
A systematic review was carried out by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library from inception to January 2016.
Published February 15, 2017
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We are witnessing an era of increased clinical interest in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, both in terms of treatment and also in terms of imaging options. This surge in interest is attributed to the recent developments in treatments for metastatic prostate cancer that are able to confer a significant survival advantage.
Published August 23, 2017
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The bone scan continues to be recommended for both the staging and therapy response assessment of skeletal metastases from prostate cancer. However, it is widely recognised that bone scans have limited sensitivity for disease detection and is both insensitive and non-specific for determining treatment response, at an early enough time point to be clinically useful.
Published December 19, 2016
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Bone is the most common site of prostate cancer metastasis. Once prostate cancer cells metastasize to bone, the mortality rate of prostate cancer patients increases significantly. Furthermore, bone metastases produce multiple skeletal complications, including bone pain that impairs the patients' quality of life.
Published November 7, 2017
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Prostate is susceptible to infection and pro-inflammatory agents in a man's whole life. Chronic inflammation might play important roles in the development and progression of prostate cancer. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are often recruited to the tumor microenvironment due to local inflammation.
Published December 29, 2017
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To prospectively determine the prognostic value of the bone scan index (BSI) for time to development of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) in consecutive, hormone-naïve patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer.
Published August 10, 2017
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Androgen-androgen receptor (AR) signal is known as a powerful driver of prostate cancer progression. We previously reported the limitation of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) at diagnosis as a prognostic biomarker of prostate cancer.
Published October 12, 2017
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The aim of this study was to focus on clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis in men with prostate cancer (PCa) harboring a breast cancer 2 (BRCA2) gene mutation and to offer convincing evidence to consider BRCA2 mutation as a marker of poor prognosis in the molecular classification of PCa.
Published April 18, 2017
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Current guidelines for prostate cancer (PCa) consider life expectancy (LE) an important factor when making screening and treatment decisions. For patients with LE<10 years, most guidelines recommend against PCa screening and active surveillance or definitive treatment of low risk disease.
Published February 23, 2017
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The aim of this study was to investigate whether the implementation of a hydrogel spacer (SpaceOAR) programme for patients treated with 81 Gy prostate intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in a regional setting can reduce rectal doses and toxicity.
Published February 6, 2017
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In prostate cancer, men diagnosed with low risk disease may be monitored through an active surveillance. This research explored the perspectives of men with prostate cancer regarding their decision-making process for active surveillance to identify factors that influence their decision and assist health professionals in having conversations about this option.
Published October 30, 2017