Fragmentation Articles

To investigate the effect of stone fragmentation on late stone recurrence by comparing the outcome of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) and non-fragmenting percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), and to investigate factors contributing to recurrent calculi.

There are currently 3holmium laser, YAG (Ho:YAG) endolithotripsy procedures that are considered basic (fragmentation, pulverisation, "pop-corn" technique). We present the technique of fragmentation targeted at preferred discontinuities (FTPD), a new concept of endolithotripsy by Ho:YAG laser.

Modern day holmium laser systems for ureteroscopy (URS) provide users with a range of settings, namely pulse energy (PE), pulse frequency (Fr), and pulse width (PW). These variables allow the surgeon to choose different combinations that have specific effects on stone fragmentation during URS lithotripsy.

In North America, ureteroscopy has become the most popular treatment modality for upper urinary tract urinary calculi. Herein we describe our technique for the treatment of renal stones with flexible ureteroscopy and high-power holmium laser lithotripsy.

To the best of our knowledge, no pediatric paper has been published regarding specifically how to set the Holmium:YAG laser for multiple urologic applications.

To provide insight into the laser parameters for pediatric applications.

Artificial phantoms used in photothermal near-infrared laser lithotripsy research generally fail to mimic both the chemical and the physical properties of human stones. Though high-energy, 1 J pulses are capable of fracturing hard human stones into several large fragments along natural boundaries, similar behavior has not been observed in commonly used gypsum plasters like BegoStone.

Moses™ technology has been developed to improve holmium laser fragmentation at 1-2 mm distance from the stone. Because popcorn lithotripsy is a non-contact technique, we compared short pulse (SP) and Moses distance (MD) modes in an in vitro model.

The inability to conceive due to male infertility is a complex issue with a wide variety of etiologies. Sperm DNA damage can be both a barrier to natural pregnancy and successful assisted reproductive technology (ART).

To understand the current practice of flexible ureteroscopy (fURS), we conducted a worldwide survey among urologists with a special interest in endourology.

A 42-question survey was designed after an initial consultation with European Association of Urology young academic urologists (YAU) and uro-technology (ESUT) groups.