Radiomics-based machine learning approach for the prediction of grade and stage in upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma-a step towards virtual biopsy.
Upper tract urothelial carcinoma is a rare, aggressive lesion, with early detection a key to its management. This study aimed to utilise computed tomographic urogram data to develop machine learning models for predicting tumour grading and staging in upper urothelial tract carcinoma patients and to compare these predictions with histopathological diagnosis used as reference standards.