Peritoneal tuberculosis caused by intravesical instillation with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) following nephroureterectomy in a patient with bladder and upper tract urothelial cancer: a case report.

The standard treatment for high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is trans-urethral resection of the bladder (TURB) followed by instillation of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). The occurrence of peritoneal tuberculosis after intravesical BCG instillation is extremely rare and difficult to diagnose.

We report the case of a 79-year-old man with urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC) of the kidney and bladder who developed peritoneal tuberculosis after consecutive TURB and nephroureterectomy followed by intravesical BCG instillation. Further investigation revealed an undiagnosed bladder leak.

This case serves as a reminder for urologists to be suspicious for urothelium discontinuity when administering BCG shortly after bladder surgery.

Acta clinica Belgica. 2022 Aug 09 [Epub]

Charlotte Allaeys, Pieter De Backer, Karel Decaestecker, Camille Berquin, Karen Decaestecker, Steven Callens, Charles Van Praet

Department of Urology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium., Department of General Internal Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.