Bladder cancer has a high incidence and involves high associated morbidity and mortality. Since its initial clinical suspicion, early diagnostic confirmation and multimodal treatment involve different medical specialties.
To compare sites of metastasis for the laparoscopic (LRC) and open (ORC) approaches in a cohort of patients at a district general hospital. Morbidity and mortality for the two approaches are assessed using secondary outcomes of length of stay and complication rate.
Currently, the role of adjuvant chemotherapy (ADJ) in muscle invasive bladder tumor remains controversial.
To evaluate the effect of ADJ on cancer specific survival of muscle invasive bladder tumor after radical cystectomy (RC).
High-risk nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer is a disease that includes a heterogeneous group of patients, for whom close follow-up is recommended due to the risk of progression to a muscle-invasive tumour.
Fifty percent of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) patients succumb from metastatic disease despite radical cystectomy (RC). Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) randomized clinical trials (RCT) investigated whether peri-operative chemotherapy improves survival.
Minimally invasive surgery regarding cystectomy has not had the same development as other urological surgeries. This could be due to the lack of published studies defining the advantages of this approach versus open surgery.
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