CIS Articles

Carcinoma in situ (CIS) in urothelial carcinoma generally has poor prognosis, but the outcomes of pure/primary CIS tumor (p-CIS) and the behavior of concomitant CIS (c-CIS) with pTa-pT4 upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) managed by nephroureterectomy has not been specified.

The standard intravesical treatment for high risk non muscle invasive bladder cancer (HRNMIBC) is Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), with failure often resulting in cystectomy. Radiofrequency-Induced Thermo-chemotherapeutic Effect Mitomycin (RITE-MMC) can be an alternative in BCG failure.

Reliable factors predicting the disease course of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) with carcinoma in situ (CIS) are unavailable. Molecular subtypes have potential for prognostic stratification of muscle-invasive bladder cancer, while their value for CIS patients is unknown.

CIS of the bladder is associated with a high risk of progression. In the case of BCG failure, radical cystectomy should be performed. For patients who refuse or are ineligible, bladder-sparing alternatives are evaluated.

This prospective, multi-center, phase III study evaluated blue light flexible cystoscopy (BLFC) with Hexaminolevulinate (HAL) in office surveillance of patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer at high risk of recurrence.

Carcinoma in situ (CIS) is a poor prognostic finding in urothelial carcinoma. However, its significance in muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma (MIUC) treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is uncertain.

Studies on risk factors for penile intraepithelial neoplasia have been small in size, have not distinguished penile intraepithelial neoplasia from invasive cancer, and have relied on self-reported information.

To compare the value of flexible blue-light cystoscopy (BLC) vs flexible white-light cystoscopy (WLC) in the surveillance setting of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).

All major databases were searched for articles published before May 2023 according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement.

Radiation therapy (XRT) has been investigated as a possible treatment for high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) with the goal of bladder preservation, especially with the ongoing Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) shortage.

Carcinoma in situ of the urinary tract is a high-grade form of non-muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma, with poor understanding of this entity in the upper tract (UTCIS). Patient management remains challenging due to knowledge gaps regarding the definition, diagnosis, treatment options, and follow up of disease.