There are several treatment approaches for stage II germ cell tumors (GCTs), and a thorough understanding of the staging classification and histologic differences in tumor biology and therapeutic responsiveness is critical to determine an effective, multimodal management strategy that involves urologists, medical oncologists, and radiation oncologists.
This article discusses contemporary management strategies for stage II GCTs, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND), and surveillance. Patient selection, histology, and extent of lymphadenopathy drive management, and, as both treatment and detection strategies continue to emerge and be refined, the management of patients with stage II GCT continues to evolve.
The Urologic clinics of North America. 2019 May 15 [Epub]
Rashed A Ghandour, Nirmish Singla, Aditya Bagrodia
Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 2001 Inwood Road, 4th Floor, Dallas, TX 75390-9110, USA., Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 2001 Inwood Road, 4th Floor, Dallas, TX 75390-9110, USA. Electronic address: .
PubMed http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31277731