OBJECTIVE: Japan Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment scores are reportedly useful for predicting progression-free survival after primary androgen deprivation therapy of prostate cancer patients.
This study validated the risk assessment at a single institution.
METHODS: We studied 255 prostate cancer patients given primary androgen deprivation therapy. Progression-free survival, cause-specific survival and overall survival were analyzed according to Japan Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment score-based risk classification. Cases with lymph node or distant metastases were subdivided by the risk classification.
RESULTS: Ages ranged from 50 to 90 years (median: 76.5). Observation periods were 2-199 (median: 46.5) months. Primary androgen deprivation therapy includes combined androgen blockade in 150 cases (58.8%), uncombined luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist in 97 (38.0%) and uncombined anti-androgenic agent in 8 (3.2%). Risk classified by Japan Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment scores was low in 104 cases (40.8%), intermediate in 86 (33.7%) and high in 65 (25.5%). The 5-year/10-year progression-free survival rates were 100%/80.8% in the low-risk, 82.3%/69.5% in the intermediate-risk and 34.7%/16.5% in the high-risk group. The 5-year/10-year cause-specific survival rates were 100%/100% in the low-risk, 90.7%/58.2% in the intermediate-risk and 63%/30.8% in the high-risk group. The 5-year/10-year overall survival rates were 87.5%/78.5% in the low-risk, 76.2%/43.1% in the intermediate-risk and 54.9%/25.4% in the high-risk group. For lymph node metastasis, cause-specific survival differed minimally between the intermediate- and high-risk groups (P = 0.1118). For distant metastasis, cause-specific survival differed significantly between the intermediate- and high-risk groups (P = 0.0264).
CONCLUSIONS: Japan Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment score-based risk classification is useful for predicting post-primary androgen deprivation therapy progression-free survival, cause-specific survival and overall survival. Subtyping patients based on Japan Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment scores is particularly useful for predicting cause-specific survival with distant metastasis from prostate cancer.
Written by:
Yamaguchi Y, Hayashi Y, Ishizuya Y, Takeda K, Nakai Y, Arai Y, Nakayama M, Kakimoto KI, Nishimura K. Are you the author?
Department of Urology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, 1-3-3 Nakamichi, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537-8511, Japan.
Reference: Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2014 Nov 7. pii: hyu186.
doi: 10.1093/jjco/hyu186
PubMed Abstract
PMID: 25381383