Active surveillance has been proposed as a therapeutic option in selected intermediate risk patients with biopsy grade group 2 prostate cancer. However, its oncologic safety in this setting is debated.
Therefore, we conducted a non-systematic literature research of contemporary surveillance protocols including patients with grade group 2 disease to collect the most recent evidence in this setting. Although no randomized controlled trial compared curative-intent treatments, namely radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy vs. active surveillance in patients with grade group 2 disease, surgery is associated with a benefit in terms of disease control and survival when compared to expectant management in the intermediate risk setting. Patients with grade group 2 on active surveillance were at higher risk of disease progression and treatment compared to their grade group 1 counterparts. Up to 50% of those patients were eventually treated at 5 years, and the metastases-free survival rate was as low as 85% at 15-years. When considering low- and intermediate risk patients treated with radical prostatectomy, grade group 2 was one of the strongest predictors of grade upgrading and adverse features. Available data is insufficient to support the oncologic safety of active surveillance in all men with grade group 2 prostate cancer. Therefore, those patients should be counselled regarding the oncologic efficacy of upfront active treatment modalities and the lack of robust long-term data supporting the safety of active surveillance in this setting.
BMC urology. 2023 Sep 30*** epublish ***
Giorgio Gandaglia, Riccardo Leni, Sophie Plagakis, Armando Stabile, Francesco Montorsi, Alberto Briganti
Unit of Urology/Division of Oncology; URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy. ., Unit of Urology/Division of Oncology; URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy., Flinders Medical Center, Adelaide, Australia.
PubMed http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37777767