Resistance exercise is a well-established intervention to counteract musculoskeletal and metabolic toxicities from prostate cancer treatment. In this study, we reported resistance exercise attendance and compliance, and examine if these variables can influence changes in outcomes of interest in men with localised or locally advanced prostate cancer.
A total of 83 prostate cancer patients (age: 68.2 ± 7.0 years, body mass index: 27.7 ± 3.8 kg.m-2) who had undergone 6 months of resistance-based exercise and had data available on exercise training from logbook records were examined. Attendance outcomes such as missed sessions, interruptions and permanent discontinuation, and metrics such as dosage completed (sessions x number of exercises x sets x repetitions x external load), compliance, tolerance, reductions and escalations were assessed. Outcomes assessed were body composition, physical function and muscle strength.
Median resistance exercise attendance was 80.6%, with a median resistance exercise compliance of 88.5% (IQR: 61.1 to 107.1%) per participant. Median of 11 (IQR: 1 to 26) and 0 (IQR: 0 to 2) sessions were escalated or reduced, respectively. Significant improvements were observed in whole-body lean mass, 400-m walk, repeated chair rise, leg press and chest press strength following 6 months of intervention (P < 0.05) regardless of resistance exercise compliance (Ptrend = 0.199 to 0.950). Participants with higher levels of resistance exercise compliance presented greater improvements in trunk fat mass (Ptrend = 0.026) and appendicular lean mass (Ptrend = 0.047).
A higher resistance exercise compliance led to greater improvements in regional fat and lean mass, while physical function and muscle strength improvements were achieved with lower compliance. Additionally, patients experienced a high number of dose escalations during the intervention. These findings are important to improve the reproducibility/precision of exercise medicine prescription.
Medicine and science in sports and exercise. 2022 Oct 21 [Epub ahead of print]
Pedro Lopez, Dennis R Taaffe, Robert U Newton, Nigel Spry, David Joseph, Colin Tang, Laurien M Buffart, Daniel A Galvão
Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, AUSTRALIA.