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Overexpression of the Long Non-coding RNA SChLAP1 Independently Predicts Lethal Prostate Cancer

The long noncoding RNA SChLAP1 is overexpressed in a subset of prostate cancers (PCa), and high SChLAP1 expression according to in situ hybridization (ISH) independently predicts biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Importantly, although biochemical recurrence is a significant clinical outcome, it is not a validated surrogate for PCa-related mortality.
 
Thus, we evaluated the association between SChLAP1 expression and development of lethal PCa in a large cohort of American men with PCa and long-term follow-up. SChLAP1 ISH was performed on tissue microarrays containing representative formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded PCa tissue from all patients and scored using a semiquantitative method (ISH score range 0–400). Hazard ratios (HRs) for the association between SChLAP1 expression and time to development of lethal PCa were estimated using multivariable Cox regression analysis. Of the 937 patients evaluated, 89 (9.5%) had high SChLAP1 expression (ISH score ≥100), which in patients treated with radical prostatectomy was strongly associated with development of lethal PCa independent of age, Gleason score, pathologic stage, and PTEN status (HR 2.2, 95% confidence interval 1.1–4.1). These results suggest that SChLAP1 may be a useful tissue-based biomarker for identifying PCa patients at higher risk of lethal progression.

Eur Urol. 2015 Dec 24 [Epub ahead of print]

Rohit Mehra1,2,3, Aaron M. Udager1, Thomas U. Ahearn4, Xuhong Cao3, Felix Y. Feng2,3,5, Massimo Loda6, Joshua S. Petimar4, Philip Kantoff7, Lorelei A. Mucci4, Arul M. Chinnaiyana1,2,3,8

1. Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
2.Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan,
3. Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, Ann Arbor, Michigan
4. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 
5. Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
6. Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 
7. Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
8. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ann Arbor, Michigan

PubMed https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4919276/