BACKGROUND - After radical cystectomy and urinary diversion (RC-UD), upper urinary tract and urethral recurrences of urothelial carcinoma (UCa) are reported to occur in 2% to 17% of patients. The objective of the current study was to determine the performance of urinary cytology (UCy) in the diagnosis of recurrences in the remnant urothelium (RRU) after RC-UD.
METHODS - The authors retrospectively identified all patients who underwent RC-UD for UCa at the study institution from January 2002 to April 2014, and collected data from all available follow-up UCy and biopsies. Cytologies were classified as unsatisfactory, negative, suspicious, positive for malignancy, or atypical urothelial cells (AUC). The authors calculated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of suspicious or positive UCy for the diagnosis of histologically confirmed RRU.
RESULTS - Of the 222 patients who underwent RC-UD for UCa of the urinary bladder during the study period, 111 had at least 1 follow-up UCy performed at the study institution, for a total of 477 UCy samples. During a mean follow-up interval of 40. 8 months (range, 3-155 months), the RRU rate was 9. 9% (11 of 111 patients). Positive/suspicious UCy results were noted in 12 of 111 patients, 9 of whom had RRU. A diagnosis of AUC was made in 8. 6% of samples from 29 patients (41 of 477 samples). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of UCy for RRU were 82%, 97%, 75%, and 98%, respectively. Six of the 28 patients with diagnoses of AUC (21. 4%) were eventually diagnosed with RRU.
CONCLUSIONS - In the current series, UCy demonstrated good sensitivity and high specificity for the detection of disease recurrence of UCa after RC-UD. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2015. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Cancer cytopathology. 2015 Nov 13 [Epub ahead of print]
Haiyan Chen, Lin Liu, Stefan E Pambuccian, Güliz A Barkan, Marcus L Quek, Eva M Wojcik
Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois. , Department of Pathology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois. , Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois. , Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois. , Department of Urology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois. , Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois.