Bladder cancer is the seventh commonest cancer in the UK and the second leading cause of mortality amongst genitourinary malignancies, representing a significant health burden. In 2011, there was approximately 10,400 new diagnoses of bladder cancer and 5,100 deaths. There has been little progress in 5-year survival rates over the last two decades and hence a desperate need for new therapeutic approaches. The advances in immunotherapy and the introduction of checkpoint inhibitors marks a significant milestone for this disease. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
BJU international. 2018 Jul 04 [Epub ahead of print]
R Dhariwal, N Pindoria, P Dasgupta, M S Khan
Guy's and St, Thomas NHS Foundation Trust.