PURPOSE: Although chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a prevalent urological disorder among men of all ages, its etiology remains unknown.
Only a few previous studies have examined associations between lifestyle factors and CP/CPPS, most of which were limited by their cross-sectional study design and lack of control for possible confounders. To address these limitations, we performed a cohort study of major lifestyle factors (obesity, smoking, and hypertension) with CP/CPPS risk in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS), a large ongoing cohort of US-based male health professionals.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The HPFS includes 51,529 men aged 40-75 years at baseline in 1986. At enrollment and every two years thereafter, participants have completed questionnaires on lifestyle and health conditions. In 2008, participants completed an additional set of questions on recent CP/CPPS pain symptoms modified from the NIH Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI), as well as questions on approximate date of symptom onset. Participants with NIH-CPSI pain scores ≥8 who first experienced symptoms after 1986 were considered incident CP/CPPS cases (n=653) and those who completed CP/CPPS questions but did not report CP/CPPS-related pain were considered non-cases (n=19,138).
RESULTS: No associations were observed for baseline body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, cigarette smoking, and hypertension with CP/CPPS risk (all odds ratios ≤ 1.34).
CONCLUSION: In this large cohort study, none of the lifestyle factors examined was associated with CP/CPPS risk. As the etiology of CP/CPPS remains unknown, additional prospective studies are needed to elucidate modifiable risk factors for this common condition.
Written by:
Zhang R, Sutcliffe S, Giovannucci E, Willett WC, Platz EA, Rosner BA, Dimitrakoff JD, Wu K. Are you the author?
Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Division of Public Health Sciences and the Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, and the Department of Urology and James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Reference: J Urol. 2015 Jun 9. pii: S0022-5347(15)04150-6.
doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.05.100
PubMed Abstract
PMID: 26070893
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