Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common chronic disease in older males. The pathogenesis of BPH remains elusive but may be associated with chronic inflammation. Chemokines and chemokine receptors have been implicated as critical mediators in the immune response and inflammatory processes. In the present study, the aim was to evaluate the association of three polymorphisms in chemokine genes, namely C‑C motif chemokine ligand (CCL)2 rs1024611, CC chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) rs1799864 and CCL5 rs2107538, with BPH risk. These polymorphisms were genotyped in 109 patients with BPH and 160 control subjects, using the polymerase chain reaction and multiple ligase detection reaction method. The CCL5 rs2107538 polymorphism was identified to be associated with a significantly lower risk of BPH [A/G vs. G/G: odds ratio (OR)=0.37, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.17‑0.78; A/A + A/G vs. G/G: OR=0.39, 95% CI=0.19‑0.79; A vs. G: OR=0.58, 95% CI=0.35‑0.96). However, this polymorphism was also associated with the development of larger prostate volumes in patients with BPH (A/G vs. G/G: OR=3.02, 95% CI=1.28‑7.11; AA + AG vs. GG: OR=2.83, 95% CI=1.28‑6.26; A vs. G: OR=1.94, 95% CI=1.08‑3.49). The CCR2 rs1799864 polymorphism was associated with lower International Prostate Symptom Score values (A/A + A/G vs. G/G: OR=0.39, 95% CI=0.17‑0.91; A vs. G: OR=0.43, 95% CI=0.20‑0.90) and low Qmax (A/G vs. G/G: OR=0.38, 95% CI=0.16‑0.92; AA + AG vs. GG: OR=0.39, 95% CI=0.17‑0.91) in the patients. No association was observed between the CCL2 rs1024611 polymorphism and BPH. These results suggest that the CCR2 and CCL5 genes may contribute to the occurrence and progression of BPH.
Oncology reports. 2019 Feb 06 [Epub ahead of print]
Yangyang Pang, Haoran Li, Yuwen Gong, Suoshi Jing, Cheng Peng, Wei Liu, Youli Zhao, Hanzhang Wang, Dharam Kaushik, Ronald Rodriguez, Zhiping Wang
Institute of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China., Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China., Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.