2. UroToday Home
  3. Categories

Bladder Cancer

The Impact of Histologic Subtypes on Clinical Outcomes After Radiation-Based Therapy for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Outcomes of radiation-based therapy (RT) for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) with histologic subtypes of urothelial cancer (HS-UC) are lacking. Our objective was to compare survival outcomes of pure urothelial carcinoma (PUC) to HS-UC after RT.

Adaptive radiotherapy for muscle invasive bladder cancer: a retrospective audit of two bladder filling protocols.

Radical radiotherapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is challenging due to large variations in bladder shape, size and volume during treatment, with drinking protocols often employed to mitigate geometric uncertainties.

Prospective Comparison of 2D and 3D T2-Weighted Imaging in Multiparametric MRI for Assessing Muscle Invasion Accuracy Using VI-RADS in Bladder Cancer.

T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) is an essential sequence for assessing the staging of bladder cancer. This study aimed to compare the image quality and diagnostic performance of three-dimensional (3D) and two-dimensional (2D) T2WI in diagnosing muscle invasion of bladder cancer using Vesical Imaging Reporting and Data System (VI-RADS).

The role of VI-RADS scoring criteria for predicting oncological outcomes in bladder cancer.

Our purpose was to evaluate the prognostic value of Vesical Imaging Reporting and Data System (VI-RADS) in bladder cancer (BCa) staging and predicting recurrence or progression.

We retrospectively analyzed the prospectively collected data from 96 patients with bladder tumors who underwent VI-RADS-based multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) before endourological treatment from April 2021 to December 2022.

Photodynamic Therapeutic Effect during 5-Aminolevulinic Acid-Mediated Photodynamic Diagnosis-Assisted Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumors

Background. Photodynamic diagnosis-assisted transurethral resection of bladder tumors (PDD-TURBT) enhances detection of elusive lesions compared to standard white light-transurethral resection of bladder tumors (WL-TURBT). If minimal light exposure during PDD-TURBT induces the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), potentially resulting in phototoxicity in small lesions, apoptosis may be triggered in residual small tumors, allowing them to escape resection. We investigated the hypothesis of a potential photodynamic therapeutic effect during PDD-TURBT. Methods and Materials. Our study, conducted between January 2016 and December 2020 at Nara Medical University Hospital, focused on a specific emphasis on ROS production. Immunohistochemical analysis for thymidine glycol and Nε-hexanoyl-lysine was performed on 69 patients who underwent 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated PDD-TURBT and 28 patients who underwent WL-TURBT. Additionally, we incrementally applied the minimal irradiation energy to T24 and UM-UC-3 cells treated with 5-aminolevulinic acid using instruments similar to those used in PDD-TURBT and evaluated intracellular ROS production and phototoxicity. Results. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed a significant increase in production of thymidine glycol and Nε-hexanoyl-lysine within the PDD-TURBT group. In T24 and UM-UC-3 cells treated with 5-aminolevulinic acid and light exposure, immunofluorescent staining demonstrated a dose-dependent increase in intracellular ROS production. In addition, higher irradiation energy levels were associated with a greater increase in ROS production and phototoxicity, as well as more significant decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential. Conclusion. Although the irradiation energy used in PDD-TURBT did not reach the levels commonly used in photodynamic therapy, our findings support the presence of a potential cytotoxic effect on bladder lesions during PDD-TURBT.

Nobutaka Nishimura,1 Makito Miyake,1 Sayuri Onishi,1 Tomomi Fujii,2 Tatsuki Miyamoto,1 Mitsuru Tomizawa,1 Takuto Shimizu,1 Yosuke Morizawa,1 Shunta Hori,1 Daisuke Gotoh,1 Yasushi Nakai,1 Kazumasa Torimoto,1 Nobumichi Tanaka,3 Kiyohide Fujimoto1

  1. Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho Kashihara, Nara , 634-8522 , Japan
  2. Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho Kashihara, Nara , 634-8522 , Japan
  3. Department of Prostate Brachytherapy, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho Kashihara, Nara , 634-8522 , Japan
Source: Nishimura, Nobutaka, Miyake, Makito, Onishi, Sayuri et al. Photodynamic Therapeutic Effect during 5-Aminolevulinic Acid-Mediated Photodynamic Diagnosis-Assisted Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumors, Advances in Urology, 2024, 7548001, 13 pages, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/7548001

A Urinary Biomarker to Triage Patients for Cystoscopy in Patients with Microhematuria - Expert Commentary

Microscopic hematuria is one of the earliest clinical signs of urothelial carcinoma (UC), yet many patients do not undergo cystoscopic evaluation, thus delaying diagnosis. However, because the rate of UC in low-risk patients is 0.8%, cystoscopy is unsuitable as a screening tool. Accordingly, there has been interest in developing an accurate, safe, non-invasive urinary biomarker. A recently developed biomarker is Cxbladder Triage (CxbT), which combines the mRNA expression of five genes and four clinical questions to generate a risk score for UC. Lotan et al. recently evaluated the use of CxbT in determining whether cystoscopy was needed in lower-risk patients referred for microhematuria.

Multidisciplinary Management of Sexual and Gender Minorities with Bladder Cancer - Beyond the Abstract

Bladder cancer, a common urologic malignancy, has poor morbidity and mortality in sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals, stemming from higher risk, poor access to care, and lack of quality cancer care. Individuals included in the SGM population include those who identify as gay, lesbian, bisexual, asexual, transgender (identify with a gender different than the sex assigned at birth), gender fluid (identify with more than one gender identity), and others not described here.1

Fibroblast Activation Protein-α and the Immune Landscape: Unraveling T1 Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer Progression.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) plays an important role in the anticancer response. We aimed to identify the prognostic biomarkers in the TME of patients with NMIBC for progression to ≥T2.

A Podcast on Practical Considerations in Patients with Advanced Urothelial Cancer Receiving First-Line Cisplatin- or Carboplatin-Based Chemotherapy Followed by Avelumab Maintenance in a Changing Therapeutic Landscape.

Platinum-based chemotherapy has been the cornerstone of first-line treatment for advanced urothelial carcinoma for decades, based on its proven efficacy and well-characterized safety profile. Although enfortumab vedotin (EV) plus pembrolizumab showed superior efficacy versus platinum-based chemotherapy in the EV-302 phase 3 trial, common and potentially cumulative toxicities associated with EV plus pembrolizumab may make this combination less suitable for some patients, such as those with pre-existing neuropathy, hyperglycemia, or hepatic impairment, or patients likely to have favorable outcomes with platinum-based chemotherapy.

Use of Bladder Epicheck® in the Follow-up of High-Risk Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Literature Review - Beyond the Abstract

In recent years, various urinary biomarkers have emerged with the aim of reducing or potentially replacing the number of cystoscopies (standard of care) required for the follow-up of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). These biomarkers have shown high sensitivity (Se) and negative predictive value (NPV) for detecting high-grade (HG) recurrences, though their performance is more limited for low-grade (LG) recurrences. However, their integration into routine clinical practice has not yet been standardized.1
Page 1 of 1060