The European Association of Urology (EAU) renal cell carcinoma (RCC) guideline panel has updated their evidence-based guidelines and recommendations for the management of RCC. Here we present a summary of the 2025 RCC guidelines updated with standardised methodology to provide reproducible evidence for the management of RCC.
For the 2025 update, a literature search was performed covering the period from May 1, 2023 to May 1, 2024 using the Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane Libraries. The data search focused on meta-analyses, systematic reviews, randomised controlled trials (RCTs), and retrospective or controlled comparator-arm studies. Evidence was synthesised as outlined for all EAU guidelines.
Clinical practise recommendations were updated in all chapters of the RCC guidelines on the basis of a structured literature search. The studies included were predominantly retrospective with matched or unmatched cohorts based on single- or multi-institutional data. Several prospective studies and RCTs provided data that resulted in recommendations based on higher levels of evidence. Specifically, updates include new recommendations on stereotactic body radiotherapy for localised RCC, adjuvant therapy, systemic therapy for clear-cell RCC in later lines, other subtypes, and a new chapter on hereditary RCC.
The 2025 RCC guidelines have been updated by a multidisciplinary panel of experts using methodological standards to provide a contemporary evidence base for the management of RCC.
European urology. 2025 Mar 10 [Epub ahead of print]
Axel Bex, Yasmin Abu Ghanem, Laurence Albiges, Stephanie Bonn, Riccardo Campi, Umberto Capitanio, Saeed Dabestani, Milan Hora, Tobias Klatte, Teele Kuusk, Lars Lund, Lorenzo Marconi, Carlotta Palumbo, Geraldine Pignot, Thomas Powles, Natasha Schouten, Maxine Tran, Alessandro Volpe, Jens Bedke
Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK; Department of Urology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: ., Department of Urology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel., Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France., Clinical Epidemiology Division, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden., Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Unit of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy., Department of Urology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy., Department of Translational Medicine, Division of Urological Cancers, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden., Department of Urology, University Hospital Pilsen and Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia., Department of Urology, Helios Hospital, Bad Saarow, Germany; Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Brandenburg, Germany., Homerton University Hospital London to now Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK., Department of Urology, Odense University Hospital and Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark., Department of Urology, Coimbra University Hospital, Coimbra, Portugal., Division of Urology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Maggiore Della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy., Department of Surgical Oncology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France., Royal Free NHS Trust and Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK., European Association of Urology, Arnhem, The Netherlands., Division of Surgery and Interventional Sciences, University College London, London, UK; Specialist Centre for Kidney Cancer, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK., Department of Urology, University of Eastern Piedmont, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy., Department of Urology and Transplantation Surgery and Eva Mayr-Stihl Cancer Center, Klinikum Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.