We aimed at assessing 15-year trends in 5-year net survival for men diagnosed with prostate cancer during 2000-2014 and registered by 16 Japanese regional population-based cancer registries included in the CONCORD-3 study.
We included data on adult men (15-99 years) diagnosed with prostate cancer during 2000-2014 and followed-up to 31 December 2014. We grouped patients into five age groups (15-54, 55-64, 65-74, 75-84, and 85-99 years) and four morphology groups according to the ICD-O-3 classification (epithelial, neuroendocrine, other specified morphologies, and malignant neoplasm, not otherwise specified). We grouped patients by stage at diagnosis into localized, regional, and advanced disease. We estimated 5-year net survival by age group, morphological subtype and stage using the Pohar Perme estimator, correcting for background mortality. All-ages estimates were standardized with the International Cancer Survival Standard weights.
Age-standardized 5-year net survival increased over time, from 85.9% in 2000-2004 to 93.0% in 2010-2014. Survival was higher than 90% for epithelial tumors, and for localized and regional disease. Five-year net survival for patients with distant metastasis was poor at 47.3% (95% CI. 39.4-55.1%) during 2010-2014.
The improvement in survival for prostate cancer may be due to the high and increasing proportion of patients with localized disease and with epithelial tumors, for which 5-year survival approaches 100%. A comprehensive analysis of long-term survival over a longer period of time would be essential to investigate further the factors contributing to the increasing trend in survival.
Japanese journal of clinical oncology. 2026 Mar 20 [Epub]
Rina Tanaka, Melissa Matz, Hiromi Sugiyama, Izumi Oki, Akiko Shibata, Kayo Nakata, Mari Kajiwara Saito, Masashi Matsuzaka, Marisa Nishio, Isao Oze, Kaname Watanabe, Laureline Gatellier, Isao Yoshida, Hidemi Ito, Norihiro Teramoto, Natsumi Yamashita, Yasuharu Kaizaki, Fumitaka Moki, Katsuki Kurosawa, Yuji Nemoto, Hiroto Narimatsu, Seiki Kanemura, Isao Miyashiro, Daisuke Mori, Shin Fujita, Tomohiro Matsuda, Michel P Coleman, Claudia Allemani, Veronica Di Carlo
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