Objectives: To assess the effect of internal ureteral stents (IUS) on renal function (RF) and to determine factors associated with the RF changes.
Methods: Between February 2009 and September 2012, 103 patients with bilateral or IUS in a solitary kidney were retrospectively analyzed. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration Equation (CKD-EPI). It was calculated from serum creatinine after adequate relief of obstruction (baseline) and at last follow-up. Deterioration of eGFR was considered if last eGFR declined by >20% from the baseline value. Predictors of RF changes were detected using univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses.
Results: The mean patients' age was 54 + 14 years with males constituting 71.4% of study population. During follow-up after IUS fixation, the median eGFR has declined from 50.6 ml/min/1.73m2 at baseline to 25 ml/min/1.73m2 at time of last follow-up (p< 0.0001). Fifty two (50.5%) patients experienced decline in their RF by >20% of baseline value. On multivariate analysis, positive urine culture (OR: 3; p=0.026), baseline eGFR < 60 ml/min (OR: 3.6; p=0.011) and extraluminal obstruction (OR: 2.9; p=0.035) were independent predictors of RF deterioration.
Conclusions: One half of patients with IUS lasting more than 3 months experienced RF deterioration during follow-up. This decline was significantly associated with positive urine cultures, presence of CKD and extraluminal obstruction. All efforts should be exerted for active treatment of associated urinary tract infection and active follow-up of RF.
Written by:
Harraz AM, El-Nahas AR, Zahran MH, Abol-Enein H. Are you the author?
Urology and Nephrology Center, Urology, Elgomhoria street, Mansoura, Egypt, 35516.
Reference: J Endourol. 2013 Sep 15. Epub ahead of print.
doi: 10.1089/end.2013.0521
PubMed Abstract
PMID: 24032464
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