EAU 2019: Is mpMRI Enough in Prostate Cancer Diagnosis?

Barcelona, Spain (UroToday.com) The PROMIS trial showed that men with raised PSA might avoid a biopsy if a mpMRI was performed as a triage test.1 The authors of this retrospective study aimed to evaluate the negative predictive value of mpMRI for clinically significant prostate cancer in a “real world” setting. Other outcomes included in this study were the consistency between centers, the added value of PSA density and comparison of biopsy methods.

This multicenter study included all consecutive men with a PSA <=15 ng/ml who were biopsy naïve or had a previous negative biopsy. All patients underwent both a mpMRI and either a TRUS-biopsy or a transperineal biopsy between 2014 and 2018. The authors used the definitions of clinically significant prostate cancer according to the ones used in the PROMIS study:
  1. Definition 1 – Gleason score >=4+3, or a maximum core length >=6 mm
  2. Definition 2 – Gleason score >=3+4 or MCCL >=4 mm
  3. Any Gleason score 7 at a whole gland level
The results demonstrated that the mean age of the included patients was 65.7, with a mean PSA of 8.7 ng/ml. A total of 57% of the patients underwent TRUS biopsy and the rest underwent a transperineal biopsy. The negative predictive value, according to:
  • PROMIS definition 1 – was 91.4% (Figure 1)
  • PROMIS definition 2 – was 83.4%
  • Gleason score 7 – was 87.1% (Figure 2)
Using a PSA density cut-off of 0.15 (alongside a negative MRI) to rule out any Gleason score 7 the negative predictive value increased to 88.9%. The negative predictive value for TRUS biopsy was 86.9%, and for transperineal biopsy, it was 88.7%.

The authors concluded that in this “real-world” multicenter study, mpMRI was able to detect and rule-out clinically significant prostate cancer. The negative predictive value found in the PROMIS trial was reproducible in this study, reinforcing the use of mpMRI to allow approximately 1 in 3 men to avoid an immediate prostate biopsy.

Figure 1 – PROMIS definition 1 results:
EAU 2019_PROMIS definition .png

Figure 2 – Any Gleason score 7 results:
EAU 2019Any Gleason score 7 results- .png
 

Presented by: Tom Stonier King's College Hospital, Dept. of Urology, London, United Kingdom

Written by: Hanan Goldberg, MD, Urologic Oncology Fellow (SUO), University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre @GoldbergHanan at the 34th European Association of Urology (EAU 2019) #EAU19 conference in Barcelona Spain, March 15-19, 2019.