ASCO GU 2025: Evaluating Survival in Aggressive Variant Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing PSMA Radioligand Therapy

(UroToday.com) The 2025 American Society of Clinical Oncology Genitourinary (ASCO GU) cancers symposium held in San Francisco, CA was host to the Poster Session A: Prostate Cancer. Dr. Moein Moradpour presented Abstract 259: Evaluating survival in aggressive variant prostate cancer patients undergoing PSMA radioligand therapy.


Dr. Moradpour opened his poster by emphasizing that aggressive variant prostate cancer (AVPC) is a distinct subtype of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) defined by high-risk clinical and molecular features. AVPC is associated with poorer overall survival and limited responsiveness to androgen receptor-targeted therapy, though it may exhibit sensitivity to chemotherapy.

This retrospective study aimed to assess the outcomes of AVPC in patients treated with Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) radioligand therapy (RLT). The investigators analyzed data from 206 mCRPC patients who received ¹⁷⁷Lu-PSMA RLT at two academic centers.

Patients were classified as having AVPC based on the presence of at least one of the following eight criteria:

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AVPC patients were categorized into AVPC-C, based on clinicopathological criteria, and AVPC-MS, based on molecular signature criteria.

Among the 201 patients analyzed, 53 met the criteria for AVPC. Patients with AVPC had a median age of 65.4 years and a median PSA at diagnosis of 361.7 ng/mL. Notably, The PSA₅₀ response rate was 61% in the AVPC group compared to 60% in the non-AVPC group. Median overall survival (OS) was 223 days for AVPC patients and 305 days for non-AVPC patients; however, this difference did not reach statistical significance (log-rank p = 0.179).

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Among AVPC patient subgroups, median OS was significantly shorter in AVPC-C compared to non-AVPC patients (305.6 vs. 196.4 days, p = 0.002), and in AVPC compared to non-AVPC patients (305.6 vs. 223.4 days, p = 0.01). However, no significant OS difference was observed between AVPC-MS and AVPC-C patients (p = 0.13). 

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Dr. Moradpour concluded

  • Patients with AVPC may derive benefit from PSMA radioligand therapy and should be considered for treatment if eligible
  • Despite similar PSA50 response rates, the presence of AVPC features (clinicopathological or molecular signature) remains a negative prognostic factor
  • There was no survival difference between the subtypes of AVPC treated with RLT in this study
  • Further studies are needed to better characterize this patient population and optimize therapeutic strategies.

Presented by: Moein Moradpour, MD, Radiology Department at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF). San Francisco, CA, United States.

Written by: Julian Chavarriaga, MD – Urologic Oncologist at Cancer Treatment and Research Center (CTIC) via Society of Urologic Oncology (SUO) Fellow at The University of Toronto. @chavarriagaj on Twitter during the 2025 Genitourinary (GU) American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting, San Francisco, CA, Thurs, Feb 13 – Sat, Feb 15, 2025.