PURPOSE: In our previous study, type 2 diabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with glomerular filtration rates of < 30 mL/min upon hospitalization for urinary tract infection (UTI) were at a risk for acute kidney injury.
This study aimed to clarify the effect of glucose and its variability on renal outcomes during admission for the treatment of UTI.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Based on the date of renal recovery (RIFLE criteria: acute kidney injury occurred within 1-7 days and was sustained over 1 day), we divided these patients into early- (≤ 9 days, Group A) and late-recovery (>9 days, Group B) groups. The differences in the continuous and categorical variables of the two groups were assessed separately. The mean glucose levels and their variability (using the standard deviation and the coefficient of standard deviation) were compared at the fasting, midday pre-meal, evening pre-meal, and evening post-meal time points during hospitalization. We have organized the manuscript in a manner compliant with the STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) statement.
RESULTS: Acute kidney injury occurred within the two groups (p = 0.007 and p = 0.001, respectively). The early-morning blood glucose levels (149.7±44.0 mg/dL) and average blood glucose levels (185.6±52.0 mg/dL) were better in Group A (p = 0.01, p = 0.02). Group A patients also had lower glucose variability than Group B at the different time points (p< 0.05). Group A also had earlier renal recovery. More relevant pathogens were identified from blood in Group B (p = 0.038).
CONCLUSIONS: Early-morning fasting and mean blood glucose levels and their variability can be good indicators of severe infection and predictors of renal outcome in type 2 diabetic patients with CKD and UTI.
Written by:
Chiu PF, Wu CL, Huang CH, Liou HH, Chang CB, Chang HR, Chang CC. Are you the author?
Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Nephrology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Program for Aging, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Reference: PLoS One. 2014 Sep 26;9(9):e108531.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108531
PubMed Abstract
PMID: 25259806