To determine the epidemiological, histopathological, and clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed with penile cancer in the Brazilian state of Maranhão, the region with the highest incidence worldwide. One hundred and sixteen penile cancer patients were interviewed from July 2016 to October 2018. The majority of patients lived in a rural area (57%), worked in farming (58%), had a low level of schooling or no schooling (90%), and were married or in a stable relationship (74%). The mean age was 60.4 ± 16.51 years (range, 23-93 years). Phimosis (66%), poor/moderate genital hygiene (73%), history of sexually transmitted infections (55%), and zoophilia (60%) were found in the majority of patients. Most patients had their first sexual encounter at 16.2 ± 2.8 years (range, 10-25 years), and 75% had >6 sexual partners. The most common initial symptom was pruritus (37%), and most patients waited to seek treatment (average time to treatment, 18.9 months; range, 2-84 months). Human papillomavirus (HPV)-related histologies were observed in 62% of patients. Most patients had histological grades II or III (87%), stage ≥T2 disease (84%), and lymphadenopathy at admission (42%). Penectomy was performed in 96% of patients. The population with penile cancer in the region of highest incidence in the world is marked by low socioeconomic status, high prevalence of HPV infection, and phimosis. The delay in seeking treatment is related to a very high rate of advanced cancer and aggressive surgical treatment. The high prevalence of young patients was also a striking feature.
Scientific reports. 2020 Feb 19*** epublish ***
Ciro Bezerra Vieira, Laisson Feitoza, Jaqueline Pinho, Antonio Teixeira-Júnior, Joyce Lages, José Calixto, Ronald Coelho, Leudivan Nogueira, Isabela Cunha, Fernando Soares, Gyl Eanes Barros Silva
University Hospital of Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), Barão de Itapari Street, Centro, São Luís, Brazil., Department of Radiology, University Clinic Hospital of Estadual University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil., Laboratory of Immunofluorescence and Electron Microscopy (LIME), Presidente Dutra University Hospital (HUUFMA), São Luís, MA, Brazil., Postgraduate Program in Adult Health (PPGSAD), Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luis, MA, Brazil., Department of Public Health, Presidente Dutra University Hospital (HUUFMA), São Luís, MA, Brazil., Department of Medicine II, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís, MA, Brazil., Doctor, Oncologist at the Aldenora Bello Cancer Hospital (HCAB), São Luís, MA, Brazil., Doctor, Urologist at the Aldenora Bello Cancer Hospital (HCAB), São Luís, MA, Brazil., Doctor at the Antônio Prudente Foundation, São Paulo, Brazil., Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Laboratory of Immunofluorescence and Electron Microscopy (LIME), Presidente Dutra University Hospital (HUUFMA), São Luís, MA, Brazil. .