ABSTRACT

Introduction and Objectives: The objectives of the study were the evaluation of the efficacy and tolerability of propiverine hydrochloride immediate (IR) and extended release (ER) forms comparing placebo in patients with overactive bladder (OAB) and urge urinary incontinence (UUI) in a double-blind, double-dummy, randomized active and placebo-controlled parallel-group phase III/IV trial.

Introduction and Objective

To relate symptoms of fecal incontinence (FI) to endoanal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in a cohort of primiparous women.

ABSTRACT

Hypothesis/Aims of Study: Pad testing is a simple, non-invasive, and effective method to quantify the amount of urine loss in patients with urinary incontinence. The short-term tests are easy, quick, and provide immediate information. The pad weight result can serve as an excellent and objective outcome procedure before and after treatment in patients with urinary incontinence. It is important, in this case, for the capacity of a test to be responsive to change in an appropriate way after a change of medical conditions There are few studies in literature that assess the sensitivity of 1-hour pad tests to change incontinence status. The post-prostatectomy incontinence model is ideal for this purpose. In fact, the majority of patients recover urinary control after 1 year from surgery, for a natural recovery of rhabdosphincter function. The aim of this study is to assess the validity and reliability of the 1-hour pad test to detect the changes of post-prostatectomy incontinence and its correlation with the number of episodes of urinary leakage and the results of a validated questionnaire.

Introduction and Objectives

Prostate cancer is the most common onco-urologic pathology among males after age of 50.

Introduction and Objective

Conditional electrical stimulation for neurogenic detrusor overactivity has been studied using involuntary detrusor pressure rises as a trigger to start stimulation.

ABSTRACT

Introduction and Objectives: Biological tissues are widely used in urological surgeries to treat conditions like pelvic organ prolapse and stress urinary incontinence (SUI). In this study, we examine the in vivo responses of four such agents used clinically in urological reconstruction.

Methods: Four commercially available tissue samples were evaluated from three different companies: Small intestine submucosa (SIS) (Cookbiotech). Tutoplast Fascia lata (FL) (Mentor Corp). Tutoplast Fascia dermis (FD) (Mentor Corp) and Pelvicol (P) (C.R. Bard). The biomaterial was implanted intraperitoneally at the bladder neck of Balb/c mice. Animals were sacrificed at 2, 4, 8, or 12 weeks post-implantation. Bladder and implants were extracted and fixed for histological analysis. Tissue sections were stained for evaluation of fibrous capsule and tissue incorporation. Image analysis using image J software was performed to determine capsule thickness (mm), cell number (mm2), aspect ratio (cell morphology) and angiogenesis.

Results: Tissue extracts were recovered with no noticeable macroscopic inflammatory signs. However, the histological responses to the biomaterials were quite different. Implants from the SIS group were the only group to show a significance decrease in capsule thickness from 2 to 12 weeks of implantation (p=0.01). When examining cell number, we determined that FL and P displayed a decrease in cell number, SIS remained relatively constant and FD increased with time. Interestingly, the aspect ratio of each group was the opposite with FL and SIS having an increasing aspect ratio, while FD and P demonstrated a decreasing ratio with time. At 2 weeks, SIS showed increased number of capillaries with significant angiogenesis.

Conclusions: SIS induced a less pronounced inflammatory response. However, other antigens may be present which elicit inflammatory reactions, thus limiting the implant incorporation and use for long term urological therapies.

Objective

In the investigation of the functions of the bladder and urethra, urodynamics with radiologic cine' need dye and there is an exposure to radiation.

Introduction and Objective

To relate symptoms of fecal incontinence (FI) to endoanal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in a cohort of primiparous women.

In Slovenia tension-free slings (tvt sling) to treat stress urinary incontinence caused by urethral hypermobility and intrinsic sphincter deficiency is used from the year 1998.

ABSTRACT

Hypothesis / Aims of Study: Pad testing is a simple, non-invasive and effective method to quantify the amount of urine loss in patients with urinary incontinence. The short-term tests are easy, quick, and provide immediate information. The pad weight result can serve as an excellent and objective outcome procedure before and after treatment in patients with urinary incontinence. It is important, in this case the capacity of a test to be responsive to change in appropriate way after change of medical condition. There are few studies in literature that assess the sensitivity of 1- hour pad test to change in time of incontinence status. The post-prostatectomy incontinence model is ideal for this purpose, in fact the majority of patients recover urinary control after 1 year from surgery, for a natural recovery of rhabdosphincter function. The aim of this study is to assess the validity and reliability of 1-hour pad test to detect the changes of post-prostatectomy incontinence, and its correlation with the number of episodes of urinary leakage and the results of a validated questionnaire.

Objectives

The study was an open-label, randomized, parallel, three-treatment, dose-ranging pharmacokinetic study.

ABSTRACT

Introduction and Objective: Conditional electrical stimulation for neurogenic detrusor overactivity has been studied using involuntary detrusor pressure rises as a trigger to start stimulation. Detrusor pressure rises were detected by transurethral and transanal catheters for bladder and abdominal pressure registration. The use of these catheters is not suitable in daily life. Some spinal cord injury patients with neurogenic bladder overactivity can sense bladder fullness or involuntary detrusor pressure rises by normal bladder sensations or non-specific bladder sensations, like abdominal fullness or vegetative symptoms. We studied the usefulness of bladder sensations for conditional electrical stimulation in spinal cord injury patients with neurogenic bladder overactivity.

Introduction and Objectives

Biological tissues are widely used in urological surgeries to treat conditions like pelvic organ prolapse and stress urinary incontinence (SUI).

Introduction and Objectives

The present non-interventional study was performed to elucidate efficacy and tolerability of add-on therapy with Spasmex®30 in patients with an overactive bladder (OAB) and benign prostate syndrome (BPS) without obstruction who are insufficiently treated with an α-receptor blocker.

Introduction and Objectives

Biological tissues are widely used in urological surgeries to treat conditions like pelvic organ prolapse and stress urinary incontinence (SUI).

In Slovenia tension-free slings (tvt sling) to treat stress urinary incontinence caused by urethral hypermobility and intrinsic sphincter deficiency is used from the year 1998.

Introduction and Objective

Prostatic benign hyperplasia (PBH) is being recognized as a growing health problem worldwide. The incidence of Prostatic Benign Hyperplasia (PBH) has rapidly increased as life expectancy has risen and is now the most common disease in the aging male. Association between PBH and overactive bladder is not uncommon. Patients may present with urgency and urge-incontinence. Quantification of symptoms using the IPSS should be carried out during the initial evaluation. A safe and effective method to evaluate the deleterious effects of bladder outlet obstruction is not yet known. The thickness of the bladder wall measured sonographically has been advocated as a minimally invasive technique and has been widely discussed. In the present study, we analyzed the correlation among bladder wall thickness (BWT), post-void residual volume, prostate volume, IPSS and OAB-V8 symptom questionnaire.

Methods

This prospective observational study included patients who underwent transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guided prostate biopsy under local anesthesia from January to July 2007. Only patients who had a pre-void bladder volume ranging from 150 to 300 ml in the transrectal ultrasound evaluation were eligible for the study. Several clinical, laboratory and ultrasound parameters were collected including PSA, pre and post-void bladder volume, BWT, prostate volume, IPSS and fluxometry.

Results

Data from 22 consecutive patients were available. The mean age was 66.5 years (+/- 7.02 years). Median PSA was 7.3 ng/mL (ranging from 3.2 to 55.7 ng/mL). Mean prostate volume (TRUS) was 49.32 (+/- 20.2) cm3. IPSS score ranged from 1 to 30 (median = 11.5). Mean BWT was 6.11 (+/- 1.44) mm. Bivariate analysis showed no statistical difference between stratified IPSS and BWT (p=0.55), and no statistical difference between stratified BWT and post-void residual volume (p=0.51). When comparing stratified IPSS (mild versus severe symptoms) and prostate volume, statistical significance was seen (Mann-Whitney, p<0.002). There was no statistical difference when comparing mean peak urinary flow to post-void residual volume (p=0.09).

Conclusions

In the present study, patients with higher IPSS scores had larger prostate volumes (ultrasound evaluation). However, there was not statistical difference between mean BWT and parameters as post-void residual volume, IPSS and OAB-V8 score. The clinical relevance of bladder wall thickness and its association with symptoms of overactive bladder or bladder outlet obstruction should be further studied.

Keywords

Prostate; Bladder obstruction; Ultrasonography; Urinary Incontinence

Objectives

The study was an open-label, randomized, parallel, three-treatment, dose-ranging pharmacokinetic study.

Introduction and Objectives

The Adjustable Continence Therapy (ProACT™) was first used as a minimally invasive treatment for male stress urinary incontinence in 2000.

ABSTRACT

Introduction and Objectives: The loss of self-esteem and depressive symptoms have been previously reported in women with urinary incontinence. Low self-esteem and depression can have a profound effect on quality of life. The incidence of depression in the United Kingdom is estimated between 20 to 25% of women. Self-esteem, defined as the "belief and confidence in one’s own ability and value" is distinct from well being, confidence, and depression. Self-esteem and depression influence health-seeking and coping behaviours and perception of illness and treatment compliance, which are important factors in the successful management of lower urinary tract dysfunction. The objective of this study was to determine whether or not treatment of overactive bladder (OAB) was associated with improvement in self-esteem and depression in women, using validated questionnaires.