Vena Cava Articles

Renal carcinoma is an aggressive cancer with a high metastatic tendency. It may invade the renal vein, inferior vena cava and potentially extend in some cases to the right heart cavities. We report a case of a 71-year-old male presenting with an impressive polylobular tissular mass inside the right atrium and the right ventricle revealing an aggressive renal carcinoma extending through the inferior vena cava.

Robot-assisted level III-IV inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombectomy requires occlusion of the first porta hepatis (FPH) and establishment of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), which bring additional risks.

This report presents the endovascular strategies adopted to treat a kidney calculus venous embolism after percutaneous nephrolithotomy and the versatility of endovascular techniques to manage even the most unexpected renovascular complications after urological intervention.

Sarcomatoid differentiation in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with vena caval tumour thrombus has been shown to be associated with aggressive behaviours and poor prognosis; however, evidence of the impact of rhabdoid differentiation on prognosis is lacking.

Heart metastasis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) without vena cava inferior involvement is exceptionally rare. Here, we presented a case of RCC presenting with the right ventricle metastasis without inferior vena caval and right atrial involvement.

Level II-III inferior vena cava (IVC) tumor thrombectomy for renal cell carcinoma is among the most challenging urologic oncologic surgeries. In 2015, we reported the initial series of robot-assisted level III caval thrombectomy.

Level III inferior vena cava tumor thrombectomy for renal cancer is one of the most challenging open urologic surgeries. We present the initial series of completely intracorporeal robotic level III inferior vena cava tumor thrombectomy.

To improve confirmation of complete tumor thrombus removal in advanced malignancy, we report on our experience using intraoperative vena cavoscopy using a flexible cystoscope to confirm complete thrombus resection.