Urothelial Carcinoma Articles

Patients with limited metastatic and locally advanced bladder cancer have a poor prognosis, and no definite treatment recommendations exist. However, long-term survival is possible for selected patients if surgery is combined with multiple courses of chemotherapy (i.

[68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT is a novel hybrid imaging method that previously showed additional diagnostic value in the assessment of distant urothelial carcinoma lesions. We hypothesized that patients with bladder cancer benefit from [68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT prior to radical cystectomy for locoregional lymph node staging.

In this paper, current guidelines regarding diagnostic and staging modalities of urothelial cancer of the bladder are summarized and an overview of endoscopic, imaging, and molecular methods currently being tested are outlined.

First cases of COVID-19 were reported in China on December 2019 and rapidly spread globally. The explosive increase in number of cases requiring hospitalization has led to a delay in a big number of surgical interventions, including oncologic surgeries.

Schedules for the follow-up (FU) of bladder cancer patients are predominantly based on studies with low level of evidence and the resulting guidelines' recommendations that are often founded on expert consensus.

INTRODUCTION - Cancer Committee of the French Association of Urology (CCAFU) conducted a literature review concerning the follow-up of urothelial carcinomas and provides recommendations for monitoring.

-The purpose was to propose an update of the French guidelines from the national committee ccAFU on upper tract urothelial carcinomas (UTUC).

- A systematic Medline search was performed between 2018 and 2020, as regards diagnosis, options of treatment and follow-up of UTUC, to evaluate different references with levels of evidence.

Intravesical instillations of BCG are recommended for the treatment of high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. However, their prolonged use remains limited by the associated potentially serious adverse effects or complications.

The Paris System (PS) has replaced the classical Papanicolaou System (PapS) in reporting urine cytology, due to its improved sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV) without loss of specificity.

Advanced and metastatic stages of bladder cancer are associated with a poor prognosis. Therapy options are currently limited to systemic therapy with chemo- and immunotherapeutics. In order to improve individual therapy and especially to achieve a more favorable prognosis for these patients, intrinsic molecular subtypes have recently been identified in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.

In the last few years, significant progress has been achieved in the therapeutic options for advanced urothelial bladder cancer.

The aim of this work was to give an overview of the status and future perspective of the therapeutic options in this setting.

A single immediate instillation of mitomycin C is recommended after a complete transurethral resection of the bladder (TURB) in low- and intermediate-risk patients with NMIBC. Actually, post-TURB instillation is seldom used due to logistical difficulties and surgical contraindications.

Improved understanding of the immunomodulatory interactions between tumor cells and immune cells has led to new and promising systemic therapeutic approaches in the first- and second-line therapy of urological tumors.

ORLANDO, FL USA (UroToday.com) - Presented by Jeffrey J. Tomaszewski, Elizabeth Handorf, Charles W. Concodora, Reza Mehrazin, Alexander Kutikov, Rosalia Viterbo, David Y.T. Chen, Richard E. Greenberg, Robert G Uzzo, and Marc C. Smaldone at the American Urological Association (AUA) Annual Meeting - May 16 - 21, 2014 - Orlando, Florida USA

Evaluate long-term oncologic outcomes of patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) undergoing radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) and the impact of diagnostic ureteroscopy (URS) on survival outcomes.

Objectives: To evaluate the ability of 18F-labeled fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) to predict survivorship of patients with bladder cancer (BC) and/or upper urinary tract carcinoma (UUTC).

In this article we describe the main acquisitions of urothelial carcinoma (UC) management reported at the 2023 American Society of Clinical Oncology Genitourinary Cancers Symposium. A major development of this year was characterized by the confirmation of a disease-free survival advantage of adjuvant nivolumab for high-risk muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma after radical resection at longer follow-up.

An important goal of The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology (TPS) is to reduce unnecessary atypical diagnoses given to urinary tract cytology (UTC) specimens. Since implementation of TPS at the study institution in 2016, the institutional atypical rate has declined only slightly.

We evaluated epidemiologic trends and survival for bladder cancer histologic subtypes in California patients by comparing urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) and non-urothelial subtypes including squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), adenocarcinoma (ADC), and small-cell carcinoma (SmCC).

Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, the second most common urologic malignancy, is amenable to early diagnosis. This study presents the potential prognostic benefit for a less invasive modification to the standard endoscopic approach.

Primary urothelial carcinoma (UCa) of the urethra is relatively uncommon, and the underlying pathogenesis has not been well characterized, especially in the absence of concurrent UCa at other sites.

Patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma have limited treatment options and a poor prognosis. The JAVELIN Bladder 100 trial showed that avelumab as first-line maintenance plus best supportive care significantly prolonged overall survival and progression-free survival versus best supportive care alone in patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma that had not progressed with first-line platinum-containing chemotherapy.

To determine preoperative serum complete blood count parameters that affects survival of patients who underwent surgery for upper urinary tract urothelial cancer (UUT-UC).

Since 1990, 150 patients underwent nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff excision for UUT-UC at Hacettepe University.

Advanced urothelial cancer (UC) is a lethal disease despite current advances in systemic therapy, including platinum chemotherapy combinations and immune checkpoint inhibition. Tumor angiogenesis is involved in UC growth and metastatic progression.

To investigate delays to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and radical cystectomy (RC) and their effect on outcomes in a large national registry of patients with localized muscle invasive bladder cancer.

Urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UC) has a poor prognosis, partly because of chemotherapy resistance. Molecular classifications have shown their interest and can help to offer personalized treatment.

The therapeutic scenario of urothelial carcinoma is constantly expanding with the widening of the knowledge on molecular characteristics, thus claiming for the need of prognostic and predictive factors to guide treatment strategy.

While immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are approved in the first-line (1L) setting for cisplatin-unfit patients with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-high tumors or for platinum (cisplatin/carboplatin)-unfit patients, response rates remain modest and outcomes vary with no clinically useful biomarkers (except for PD-L1).

To investigate outcomes of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) patients treated with radical cystectomy (RC) according to the presence of circulating tumor cells (CTC) and the administration of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC).

Novel treatments and trial designs remain a high priority for bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)-unresponsive non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients.

To evaluate the safety and preliminary efficacy of anti-PD-L1 directed therapy with durvalumab (D), durvalumab plus BCG (D + BCG), and durvalumab plus external beam radiation therapy (D + EBRT).

Checkpoint inhibitor therapy (CPI) has demonstrated survival benefits in urothelial carcinoma (UC); however, not all patients benefit from CPI due to resistance. Combining sitravatinib, a multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor of TYRO3, AXL, and MERTK (TAM) receptors and VEGFR2, with CPI may improve antitumor responses.

The phosphatidyl 3-inositol kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway frequently is activated in patients with urothelial carcinoma (UC). In the current study, the authors performed a phase 2 study evaluating the efficacy of the pan-isoform class I PI3K inhibitor buparlisib in patients with platinum-refractory metastatic UC.

This article presents the clinical trial protocol for a phase I open label dose-escalation study to evaluate the tolerability, safety and immunological efficacy of sub-urothelial durvalumab injection in adults with muscle-invasive or high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), the SUB-urothelial DUrvalumab injection-1 study (SUBDUE-1).

The utilization of neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, specifically anti-PD-1/L1 agents, prior to radical cystectomy is an emerging paradigm in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). In situ vaccination represents a strategy to manipulate the tumor in order to augment the immune response toward improved local and distant cancer control.

Docetaxel is commonly used for second-line therapy for metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC). However, myelosuppression is a substantial concern when the traditional 3-week docetaxel cycle is used. The present multicenter phase II study evaluated the efficacy and safety of weekly docetaxel as second-line chemotherapy for metastatic UC.

Sacituzumab govitecan (brand name: TRODELVY®) is a new treatment being studied for people with a type of bladder cancer, called urothelial cancer, that has progressed to a locally advanced or metastatic stage.

Platinum-based chemotherapy has been the cornerstone of first-line treatment for advanced urothelial carcinoma for decades, based on its proven efficacy and well-characterized safety profile. Although enfortumab vedotin (EV) plus pembrolizumab showed superior efficacy versus platinum-based chemotherapy in the EV-302 phase 3 trial, common and potentially cumulative toxicities associated with EV plus pembrolizumab may make this combination less suitable for some patients, such as those with pre-existing neuropathy, hyperglycemia, or hepatic impairment, or patients likely to have favorable outcomes with platinum-based chemotherapy.

Retrospective studies have provided proof of principle that bladder cancer can be detected by testing for the presence of tumor DNA in urine. We have conducted a prospective blinded study to determine whether a urine-based DNA test can replace flexible cystoscopy in the initial assessment of gross hematuria.

Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is the second most common malignancy of the genitourinary system and the sixth most common cancer in the United States. The overall incidence of UC appears to be on the decline, but death rates have remained stable.

Urothelial carcinomas of the upper urinary tract (UUT) are uncommon. Cytological examination of voided urine or washings from the UUT has been part of the standard workup for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC); however, its value remains controversial.

Substaging of T1 urothelial cancer is associated with tumor progression and its reporting is recommended by international guidelines. However, it has not been integrated in risk stratification tools and there is no agreement on the best method to use for its reporting.

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to competing strains on hospital resources and healthcare personnel. Patients with newly diagnosed invasive urothelial carcinomas of bladder (UCB) upper tract (UTUC) may experience delays to definitive radical cystectomy (RC) or radical nephro-ureterectomy (RNU) respectively.

In contemporary oncologic diagnostics, molecular imaging modalities are pivotal for precise local and metastatic staging. Recent studies identified fibroblast activation protein as a promising target for molecular imaging across various malignancies.

The question of the ability of frozen section analysis (FSA) to accurately detect malignant pathology intraoperatively has been discussed for many decades.

We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis assessing the diagnostic estimates of FSA of the urethral and ureteral margins in patients treated with radical cystectomy (RC) for bladder cancer (BCa).

Correct identification of variant histologies (VHs) of bladder cancer (BCa) at transurethral resection of the bladder (TURB) could drive the subsequent treatment.

To evaluate the concordance in detecting VHs between TURB and radical cystectomy (RC) specimens in BCa patients.

Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) has a tendency toward urothelial multifocality and is at risk for local and distant spread, most commonly to the lymph nodes, bone, lung, liver, and peritoneum.

Recent targeted therapies for advanced and metastatic urothelial cancer have generated enthusiasm, but the actionable genomic landscape of early-stage disease remains largely unknown. Here, we utilized a large, real-world cohort to comprehensively investigate the incidence of genetic alterations with potential therapeutic implications at all stages of bladder cancer.

This study evaluates the efficacy of Acu-URO17, a highly sensitive and specific immunocytochemistry (ICC) test targeting Keratin 17, in comparison to urine cytology and UroVysion™ fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for detecting bladder cancer cells in voided urine specimens.

Adequacy assessment is one of the most controversial and overlooked components in the daily practice of cytopathology, because it is generally determined from limited samples. Because voided urine varies widely in terms of its volume and cellularity, there is little consensus about the proper role for these variables in assessing specimen adequacy.

The European Association of Urology provides Clinical Practice Guideline on upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). Due to the rarity of UTUC, guidelines are necessary to help guide decision-making based on the highest quality of care evidence available.