Urolithiasis Articles

The article describes a clinical case of kidney stone disease (KSD) in a child of 4 y.o. with calcium urolithiasis. Analysis of chemical content of the kidney stones revealed their calcium-oxalate composition.

Kidney stone disease has become an important worldwide socioeconomic issue. However, metaphylaxis fails due to low compliance rates. Therefore, we developed a mobile app (StoneMD: Kidney Stones) for patients with kidney stones to increase compliance in stone metaphylaxis.

There are more than 20 drugs, that are widely used as medical expulsive therapy after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Herbal plants are actively used along with the drug therapy in order to improve the efficiency of the treatment.

Urolithiasis is a common disease, and is an important health problem that is associated with a great economic burden. The nature of stone disease varies according by dietary and lifestyle factors, including, among others, climate variations.

Along with an increase in the worldwide prevalence of renal tumors and urolithiasis, recently there has been a clear tendency for co-occurrence of the two diseases. An analysis of the literature has revealed several unresolved issues, including the identification of the causal link between the two diseases and determination of rational therapies for their combination, which necessitates a careful investigation of the problem.

Kidney stone disease (KSD) is an actual problem of modern health care. By now, more than 80 monogenic forms of urolithiasis have been described. To diagnose such forms of KSD different molecular genetic technologies are used.

Dietary supplements are successfully used in many fields of medicine, including urology. In particular, urologists often prescribe dietary supplements for patients with urolithiasis.

to study an influence of dietary supplements Nefradoz on the metabolism of the main stone-forming substances and inhibitors of stone formation in patients with urolithiasis.

To obtain the information about functional state of kidneys in patients with urolithiasis before and after treatment, as well as to study the damaging effect of different types of energy used for fragmentation of high-density stones.

Urinary tract infection (UTI) are a risk factor for diseases leading to impairment of renal function and kidney stone disease (KSD). Growing resistance of uropathogens to antibacterial agents is a challenging issue in most countries of the world.

Urolithiasis in a kidney transplanted patient is an uncommon but complex urological complication. Its potential severity comes from its occurrence on a solitary kidney and on a field of immunosuppression.

ORLANDO, FL USA (UroToday.com) - Presented by Margaret S. Pearle, MD, PhD, on behalf of the MMKS Guideline Panel* at the American Urological Association (AUA) Annual Meeting - May 16 - 21, 2014 - Orlando, Florida USA

Specific factors associated with the risk of developing pediatric urinary stone disease remain unclear, especially those that may be associated with recurrent stone disease.

We compared the results of 24-h urine collections in children with a solitary stone episode to those with multiple stone episodes to determine if there is a difference that may be associated with multiple stone formation in children.

Currently an evidence-based approach to nephrolithiasis is hampered by a lack of randomized controlled trials. Thus, there is a need for common platforms for data sharing and recruitment of patients to interventional studies.

Bacterial infection has long been recognized to contribute to struvite urinary stone deposition; however, its contribution to the development of chronic kidney stones has not been extensively investigated.

To evaluate the effect of learning curve on supine mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) outcomes.

The aim of the study was to include a total of 75 patients. All of the patients were operated on by the same team, which had experience of at least 100 prone mini-PNL cases.

Urolithiasis is a common disease with increasing prevalence worldwide and a lifetime-estimated recurrence risk of over 50%. Imaging plays a critical role in the initial diagnosis, follow-up and urological management of urinary tract stone disease.

Background: The ureteral access sheath (UAS) has revolutionized the management of urinary pathology in the upper tract by providing rapid repeatable access to the upper urinary tract. However, in many practices, it remains a controversial tool in endourology given concerns of possible ureteral injury and presumed long-term sequela from those injuries.

The intestinal microbiome may affect urinary stone disease by modulating the amount of oxalate absorbed from the intestine and subsequently excreted in urine. This study sought to explore the association between antibiotics, which alter the intestinal microbiota, and risk for urinary stone disease.

Given the risk factors for stone disease, it is possible that multiple chronic condition (MCC) patients are at increased risk of developing new, recurrent, or worsening urolithiasis. The purpose of our investigation was to evaluate the relationship between MCCs and urolithiasis.

Kidney stone formers have lower health-related quality of life (HRQOL) than non-stone formers. The North American Stone Quality of Life Consortium is a multi-center, longitudinal prospective study of kidney stone patients' HRQOL using the Wisconsin Stone Quality of Life questionnaire, with data currently collected on 2052 patients from 11 centers.

SAN DIEGO, CA USA (UroToday.com) - The management of kidney stones during pregnancy can be challenging. The goal of this study from the Mayo Clinic was to compare the potential anesthetic risk to the fetus when temporizing stents are placed, compared to definitive management with ureteroscopy.

BERKELEY, CA (UroToday.com) - In the past few years, we have been working to explore the possible gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as genetic makers for renal stone diseases.

Urolithiasis is a common condition that poses significant morbidity to patients. There are similarities in the development of certain cancers and urinary tract calculi (UTC), however, little is known about their temporal relationship.

A 40-year-old woman presents to the emergency department after a motor vehicle accident, and a CT scan revealed no injuries but incidentally notes three non-obstructing stones in the left kidney of 3, 4, and 5 mm in size.

Kidney stone disease is common in industrialized countries. Recently, it has attracted growing attention, because of its significant association with adverse renal outcomes, including end stage renal disease.

The aim of the present study is to investigate the clinical relevance of aortic calcification in urolithiasis patients.

Between January 2010 and September 2014, 1221 patients with urolithiasis were treated in Oyokyo Kidney Research Institute and Hirosaki University Hospital.

Purpose: Kidney stone recurrence rates vary between patients. A patient's risk informs the frequency and intensity of preventative interventions. Clinicians routinely use clinical experience to estimate risk.

The aim of our study was to perform comparative investigation of the tissue safety of three different endoscopic lithotripter devices including a new single-probe/dual-energy lithotripter in an in vivo animal model.

Large cohort studies on whether any association existed between urological interventions for urolithiasis and the development of CKD are lacking. From claims data of the National Health Insurance (NHI) program of Taiwan, we identified 54,433 patients newly diagnosed with urolithiasis during 1998-2010.

The aim of the study to compare low and intermediate shock wave frequency rates in terms of success and complications for treating pediatric kidney stones. This retrospective study was performed on 58 consecutive pediatric patients (24 girls, 34 boys) who underwent shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) for kidney stones with an electrohydraulic lithotripter between April 2014 and March 2016.

To retrospectively compare the composition of urinary tract stones formed by Uyghur children from the southern (Kashgar) and northern (Urumchi) parts of the Xinjiang region.

The chemical composition of urinary tract calculi formed by 855 Uyghur children from the two regions in Xinjiang (366 Kashgar and 489 Urumchi) was compared retrospectively.

With the increasing of the prevalence of pediatric urolithiasis (1-5%), retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) is emerging as preferred option for the management of stones in pediatric patients. Although the principles of RIRS developed in adults can be applied in children, also expert adult endourologists feel uncomfortable to approach young patients due to long learning curve that usually is expected to be required in this particular setting.

Thulium lasers operate at wavelengths between1940-2013 nm either in a continuous wave or in a pulsed mode, which enables smooth incisions with fast vaporization or effective laser lithotripsy for urolithiasis.

Renal calculi are common, with male predilection and androgen exposure potentially increasing the risk of renal calculi. Systemic effects of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) have been observed but the influence of ADT on renal calculi in prostate cancer (PCa) patients is not fully understood.

Considering the variation in metabolic evaluation and medical management of kidney stone disease, this consensus review was created to discuss the metabolic activity of nephrolithiasis, define the difference between single and recurrent stone formers, and develop a schema for metabolic and radiologic follow-up.

Technological advances in minimally invasive treatment of stone disease and its integration with concomitant clinical practice are amongst the most important achievements in urology. Despite the wealth of information accumulated over the years and the richness of existing literature, the knowledge about the definition, treatment and outcomes of residual stone fragments after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) is still insufficient.

Urolithiasis or urinary stone disease has been estimated to affect about 1 in 11 Americans. Patients with urinary stone disease commonly present to the emergency department for management of their acute pain.

Diet frequently contributes to patients' urinary stone disease. It is important to determine when this is the case and when it is not, as failure to do so may delay the implementation of other, more appropriate therapies.

This review describes the various dietary regimens that have been used to advise patients on how to prevent the recurrence of their calcium-containing kidney stones. The conclusion is that although there is some general advice that may be useful to many patients, it is more efficacious to screen each patient individually to identify his/her main urinary, metabolic, nutritional, environmental, and lifestyle risk factors for stone-formation and then tailor specific advice for that particular patient based on the findings from these investigations.

Complicated acute pyelonephritis (APN) is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate intervention. This study examined the characteristics of APN occurring as a complication of ureteral stone.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies was performed using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines for studies reporting on diabetes mellitus (DM) or metabolic syndrome (MetS) and kidney stone disease (KSD).

There is scant evidence in the literature to support dusting stones vs active basket extraction during ureteroscopy for kidney stones. We sought to prospectively evaluate and follow patients to determine which modality produced a higher stone free rate with the least complications.

Phyllanthus niruri (P.niruri) or stone breaker is a plant commonly used to reduce stone risk, however, clinical studies on this issue are lacking.

To prospectively evaluate the effect of P. niruri on the urinary metabolic parameters of patients with urinary lithiasis.

Using a selective a-blocker for medical expulsive therapy (MET) is an effective treatment approach widely used for ureteral stones.

To assess the efficacy and safety of silodosin in medical expulstion therapy compared to placebo and tamsulosin EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase to identify randomized controlled trials that compared silodosin with a placebo or tamsulosin for ureteral calculi.

Several energy sources are available to clear stones during PCNL. Required improvements are faster stone clearance, optimized suction and ease of use while maintaining high patient safety standard. EMS LithoClast® Trilogy, is the first device combining electromagnetic impactor with ultrasonic energy and suction, all-in-one probe.

Endourological and percutaneous approaches are the standard of care for treatment of pediatric urolithiasis. However, in certain situations, an endoscopic-assisted robotic pyelolithotomy (EARP) can be an acceptable alternative.

Background: There are limited data about urolithiasis in young infants, especially in class age younger than 2 years. Case presentation: We report the case of a child <2 years old (13 months) affected by metabolic urolithiasis (cystinuria), and renal hypertension.

Nephrolithiasis is a highly prevalent disease worldwide with rates ranging from 7 to 13% in North America, 5-9% in Europe, and 1-5% in Asia. Due to high rates of new and recurrent stones, management of stones is expensive and the disease has a high level of acute and chronic morbidity.

Introduction: Urolithiasis is a common, highly recurrent disease with increasing prevalence worldwide. There are many dietary and pharmacological measures to prevent kidney stones.Areas covered: Herein, the authors explore medical expulsive therapy as well as pharmacological therapies to prevent/treat urolithiasis.