Urolithiasis Articles

Kidney stone disease has become an important worldwide socioeconomic issue. However, metaphylaxis fails due to low compliance rates. Therefore, we developed a mobile app (StoneMD: Kidney Stones) for patients with kidney stones to increase compliance in stone metaphylaxis.

Along with an increase in the worldwide prevalence of renal tumors and urolithiasis, recently there has been a clear tendency for co-occurrence of the two diseases. An analysis of the literature has revealed several unresolved issues, including the identification of the causal link between the two diseases and determination of rational therapies for their combination, which necessitates a careful investigation of the problem.

To obtain the information about functional state of kidneys in patients with urolithiasis before and after treatment, as well as to study the damaging effect of different types of energy used for fragmentation of high-density stones.

Urinary tract infection (UTI) are a risk factor for diseases leading to impairment of renal function and kidney stone disease (KSD). Growing resistance of uropathogens to antibacterial agents is a challenging issue in most countries of the world.

ORLANDO, FL USA (UroToday.com) - Presented by Margaret S. Pearle, MD, PhD, on behalf of the MMKS Guideline Panel* at the American Urological Association (AUA) Annual Meeting - May 16 - 21, 2014 - Orlando, Florida USA

Specific factors associated with the risk of developing pediatric urinary stone disease remain unclear, especially those that may be associated with recurrent stone disease.

We compared the results of 24-h urine collections in children with a solitary stone episode to those with multiple stone episodes to determine if there is a difference that may be associated with multiple stone formation in children.

Currently an evidence-based approach to nephrolithiasis is hampered by a lack of randomized controlled trials. Thus, there is a need for common platforms for data sharing and recruitment of patients to interventional studies.

Bacterial infection has long been recognized to contribute to struvite urinary stone deposition; however, its contribution to the development of chronic kidney stones has not been extensively investigated.

Urolithiasis is a common disease with increasing prevalence worldwide and a lifetime-estimated recurrence risk of over 50%. Imaging plays a critical role in the initial diagnosis, follow-up and urological management of urinary tract stone disease.

Background: The ureteral access sheath (UAS) has revolutionized the management of urinary pathology in the upper tract by providing rapid repeatable access to the upper urinary tract. However, in many practices, it remains a controversial tool in endourology given concerns of possible ureteral injury and presumed long-term sequela from those injuries.

The intestinal microbiome may affect urinary stone disease by modulating the amount of oxalate absorbed from the intestine and subsequently excreted in urine. This study sought to explore the association between antibiotics, which alter the intestinal microbiota, and risk for urinary stone disease.

Given the risk factors for stone disease, it is possible that multiple chronic condition (MCC) patients are at increased risk of developing new, recurrent, or worsening urolithiasis. The purpose of our investigation was to evaluate the relationship between MCCs and urolithiasis.

Kidney stone formers have lower health-related quality of life (HRQOL) than non-stone formers. The North American Stone Quality of Life Consortium is a multi-center, longitudinal prospective study of kidney stone patients' HRQOL using the Wisconsin Stone Quality of Life questionnaire, with data currently collected on 2052 patients from 11 centers.

SAN DIEGO, CA USA (UroToday.com) - The management of kidney stones during pregnancy can be challenging. The goal of this study from the Mayo Clinic was to compare the potential anesthetic risk to the fetus when temporizing stents are placed, compared to definitive management with ureteroscopy.

BERKELEY, CA (UroToday.com) - In the past few years, we have been working to explore the possible gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as genetic makers for renal stone diseases.

Urolithiasis is a common condition that poses significant morbidity to patients. There are similarities in the development of certain cancers and urinary tract calculi (UTC), however, little is known about their temporal relationship.

A 40-year-old woman presents to the emergency department after a motor vehicle accident, and a CT scan revealed no injuries but incidentally notes three non-obstructing stones in the left kidney of 3, 4, and 5 mm in size.

Kidney stone disease is common in industrialized countries. Recently, it has attracted growing attention, because of its significant association with adverse renal outcomes, including end stage renal disease.

The aim of the present study is to investigate the clinical relevance of aortic calcification in urolithiasis patients.

Between January 2010 and September 2014, 1221 patients with urolithiasis were treated in Oyokyo Kidney Research Institute and Hirosaki University Hospital.

The aim of our study was to perform comparative investigation of the tissue safety of three different endoscopic lithotripter devices including a new single-probe/dual-energy lithotripter in an in vivo animal model.

Large cohort studies on whether any association existed between urological interventions for urolithiasis and the development of CKD are lacking. From claims data of the National Health Insurance (NHI) program of Taiwan, we identified 54,433 patients newly diagnosed with urolithiasis during 1998-2010.

The aim of the study to compare low and intermediate shock wave frequency rates in terms of success and complications for treating pediatric kidney stones. This retrospective study was performed on 58 consecutive pediatric patients (24 girls, 34 boys) who underwent shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) for kidney stones with an electrohydraulic lithotripter between April 2014 and March 2016.

To retrospectively compare the composition of urinary tract stones formed by Uyghur children from the southern (Kashgar) and northern (Urumchi) parts of the Xinjiang region.

The chemical composition of urinary tract calculi formed by 855 Uyghur children from the two regions in Xinjiang (366 Kashgar and 489 Urumchi) was compared retrospectively.

With the increasing of the prevalence of pediatric urolithiasis (1-5%), retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) is emerging as preferred option for the management of stones in pediatric patients. Although the principles of RIRS developed in adults can be applied in children, also expert adult endourologists feel uncomfortable to approach young patients due to long learning curve that usually is expected to be required in this particular setting.

Renal calculi are common, with male predilection and androgen exposure potentially increasing the risk of renal calculi. Systemic effects of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) have been observed but the influence of ADT on renal calculi in prostate cancer (PCa) patients is not fully understood.

Considering the variation in metabolic evaluation and medical management of kidney stone disease, this consensus review was created to discuss the metabolic activity of nephrolithiasis, define the difference between single and recurrent stone formers, and develop a schema for metabolic and radiologic follow-up.

Urolithiasis or urinary stone disease has been estimated to affect about 1 in 11 Americans. Patients with urinary stone disease commonly present to the emergency department for management of their acute pain.

This review describes the various dietary regimens that have been used to advise patients on how to prevent the recurrence of their calcium-containing kidney stones. The conclusion is that although there is some general advice that may be useful to many patients, it is more efficacious to screen each patient individually to identify his/her main urinary, metabolic, nutritional, environmental, and lifestyle risk factors for stone-formation and then tailor specific advice for that particular patient based on the findings from these investigations.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies was performed using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines for studies reporting on diabetes mellitus (DM) or metabolic syndrome (MetS) and kidney stone disease (KSD).

There is scant evidence in the literature to support dusting stones vs active basket extraction during ureteroscopy for kidney stones. We sought to prospectively evaluate and follow patients to determine which modality produced a higher stone free rate with the least complications.

Phyllanthus niruri (P.niruri) or stone breaker is a plant commonly used to reduce stone risk, however, clinical studies on this issue are lacking.

To prospectively evaluate the effect of P. niruri on the urinary metabolic parameters of patients with urinary lithiasis.

Using a selective a-blocker for medical expulsive therapy (MET) is an effective treatment approach widely used for ureteral stones.

To assess the efficacy and safety of silodosin in medical expulstion therapy compared to placebo and tamsulosin EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase to identify randomized controlled trials that compared silodosin with a placebo or tamsulosin for ureteral calculi.

Several energy sources are available to clear stones during PCNL. Required improvements are faster stone clearance, optimized suction and ease of use while maintaining high patient safety standard. EMS LithoClast® Trilogy, is the first device combining electromagnetic impactor with ultrasonic energy and suction, all-in-one probe.

Endourological and percutaneous approaches are the standard of care for treatment of pediatric urolithiasis. However, in certain situations, an endoscopic-assisted robotic pyelolithotomy (EARP) can be an acceptable alternative.

Nephrolithiasis is a highly prevalent disease worldwide with rates ranging from 7 to 13% in North America, 5-9% in Europe, and 1-5% in Asia. Due to high rates of new and recurrent stones, management of stones is expensive and the disease has a high level of acute and chronic morbidity.

Introduction: Urolithiasis is a common, highly recurrent disease with increasing prevalence worldwide. There are many dietary and pharmacological measures to prevent kidney stones.Areas covered: Herein, the authors explore medical expulsive therapy as well as pharmacological therapies to prevent/treat urolithiasis.

Simulation-based training offers an acceptable adjunct to the traditional mentor-apprentice model in helping trainees to traverse the early stages of the learning curve for ureteroscopy and percutaneous renal surgery.

To investigate the clinical consequences of neglected risk of urolithiasis in deceased kidney donors in routine clinical practice, this study focused on different management options for transplanted allograft stones, and tried to find new solutions for more accurate detection of urolithiasis in deceased kidney donors prior to renal transplantation.

To estimate the of the cost of kidney stone disease (KSD) in England.

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with KSD referred to a metabolic stone clinic between 1990 and 2007 using electronic records of patients with KSD in a tertiary referral centre to determine cost using NHS tariff, with subsequent extrapolation to entire England population.

The trillions of microbes that colonize our adult intestine are referred to as the gut microbiome (GMB). Functionally it behaves as a metabolic organ that communicates with, and complements, our own human metabolic apparatus.

During the last decades, the surgical management of kidney stones benefited of many technological advances and one of them is the development of flexible ureteroscopy (fURS). This tool, ancillary equipment such as graspers and baskets, and lithotripsy technique with Holmium:YAG laser underwent many improvements leading to a widening of its indications with diagnostic and therapeutic management of upper urinary tract pathologies such as urolithiasis and urothelial tumors.

The objective of the study was to compare the therapeutic outcomes between the ultrasonography-guided (USG) and the fluoroscopy-guided (FG) mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL) for the treatment of large or complex upper urinary tract stones (S.

To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a new energy and radiation dose reduced protocol for non-contrast computer tomography (NCCT) with dual energy (DE) analysis (DECT) and its potential for the compositional analysis of uric (UA) or non-uric acid (N-UA) containing calculi.

Patients with diabetes have an increased risk for urolithiasis, but the associated risk factors remain an active area of research. We investigated whether frailty influenced the probability of patients with diabetes developing urolithiasis.

Urolithiasis has a high prevalence and recurrence rate. Prevention is key to patient management, but risk stratification is challenging. In particular, genetic predisposition for urinary stones is not fully understood.

Some regions are known to have an increased burden of urolithiasis. Urolithiasis is known to be affected by weather patterns, particularly high ambient temperatures. To identify geographic differences in risk factors, we compared metabolic information for 1254 patients in two geographically distinct regions, New York and Florida, with per sample adjustment for ambient weather.

Intradetrusor injections of botulinum toxin are the cornerstone of medical treatment of neurogenic detrusor overactivity. The primary aim of this treatment is to ensure a low pressure regimen in the urinary bladder, but the mechanisms leading to long-term protection of the urinary tract remain poorly understood.

Urolithiasis is a common urological disease with a high morbidity and recurrence rate, of which calcium oxalate (CaOx) is the most common type of stone that underlies the disease. However, the potential metabolic mechanisms of CaOx urolithiasis remain unclear.

Pure calcium oxalate is the most frequent type of idiopathic kidney stone composition. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) allows to detect the ratio of calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) and monohydrate (COM) crystals in stones, but the clinical significance of this parameter remains uncertain.