Treatment Articles

Botulinum toxin is a substance produced by Clostridium Botulinum and is responsible for human botulism. This substance is a poison, a neurotoxin, but used in limited quantities it can be a cure for some diseases.

Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a debilitating disease that induces mental stress, lower urinary symptoms, and pelvic pain, therefore resulting in a decline in quality of life.

Cabozantinib prolongs overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) that progressed on first-line vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (VEGFR-TKI).

Penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) is a highly aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis. BRCA1/2 mutations are associated with impaired DNA double-strand break repair and are among the common mutations in penile cancer, potentially paving the way for poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitor therapy.

OBJECTIVE - New targets and approaches are under investigation for the treatment of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Preclinical data suggest cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) as a promising target. Celecoxib, a COX-2 selective inhibitor, inhibits tumor development and enhances survival, both in vitro and in vivo models of bladder cancer.

Prostate cancer presents a significant challenge and burden for health care centres across the world. In the UK and other parts of Europe, as well as areas of the USA, centralisation of services has been implemented.

PURPOSE - We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the endourologic management of forgotten and/or encrusted ureteral stents together with our single-center experience.

MATERIALS AND METHODS - Fifty-four patients with forgotten double-J ureteral stents were treated in our center between January 2008 and March 2014.

To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with penile cancer in Japan using the nationwide hospital-based cancer registry database.

Using hospital-based cancer registry data, we described the distribution of age, pathology, tumor-node-metastases classification, and first-course treatment in patients treated between 2012 and 2015.

Men who present with metastatic disease can have de novo or primary progressive disease. We characterized and compared the outcomes between these 2 groups.

A retrospective cross-sectional analysis from a single institution of de novo versus primary progressive metastatic patients during a 2-year consecutive period was undertaken.

Definitive diagnosis and selection of effective treatment for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) are frustrations encountered frequently by urology care providers in their practice.

Bladder pain syndrome (BPS) is a chronic condition characterized by pelvic pain or pressure which is perceived to be originating from the bladder, accompanied by one or more urinary symptoms, including frequency, urgency and nocturia.

Overactive bladder (OAB) is a common clinical problem with associated morbidities both in men and women. Although real-life management strategies have been examined among urologists (URO), treatment choices may differ between different specialties.

Cystinuria is an inherited disorder that results in increased excretion of cystine in the urine. It accounts for about 1-2% of pediatric kidney stones. In this study, we sought to identify the clinical characteristics of patients with cystinuria in a national cohort.

Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog (PTEN) and ETS-related Gene (ERG) mutations are commonly found in prostate cancer. Although mouse studies have demonstrated PTEN and ERG cooperatively interact during tumorigenesis, human studies examining these genes have been inconclusive.

The most common cause of male infertility is idiopathic oligoasthenozoospermia. Empirical medical treatment for idiopathic male infertility is still a controversial issue.

Bladder cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide and causes the highest lifetime treatment costs per patient. Bladder cancer is most likely to metastasize through lymphatic ducts, and once the lymph nodes are involved, the prognosis is poorly and finitely improved by current modalities.

The optimal interval for repeat biopsy during active surveillance (AS) for prostate cancer is yet to be defined. This study examined whether risk of upgrading (to grade group ≥ 2) or risk of converting to treatment varied according to intensity of repeat biopsy using data from the GAP3 consortium's global AS database.

To date, no study evaluates the effect of atherosclerosis risk level on the efficacy of BPH drug therapies. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the effect of atherosclerosis risk levels on the effectiveness of Tamsulosin and Tadalafil in LUTS treatment.

Low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy (Li-ESWT) is an effective therapy for erectile dysfunction (ED) but is not widely recognized and applied. This prospective nonrandomized study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of Li-ESWT.

Prostatitis is a common urinary tract syndrome that many doctors find problematic to treat effectively. It is the third most commonly found urinary tract disease in men after prostate cancer and Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH).

In recent years, the incidence of erectile dysfunction (ED) has continued to rise worldwide. Since pharmacotherapy is still the most common and effective method for the treatment of ED at present, many methods and drugs have been designed or developed for the treatment of ED.

To investigate the clinical manifestation, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of simultaneous occurrence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and urothelial carcinoma.

Twenty-seven consecutive patients with synchronous renal cell carcinoma and urothelial carcinoma treated in two tertiary medical centers from March 2005 to December 2015 were retrospectively reviewed.

To analyze the literature on the current treatment options for Peyronie's disease (PD).

Intracavernosal injection therapy using collagenase clostridium histolyticum (CCH) has been widely adopted since its FDA approval in 2013.

To date, transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) remains the gold standard of staging urothelial cancer of the bladder and treating non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). The primary goal of the procedure includes a proper diagnosis, correct staging, and removal all lesions.

We examined health-care seeking activities over a 12-month period in a cohort of men and women with urological chronic pelvic pain syndromes (UCPPS).

A total of 191 men and 233 women with UCPPS were followed with biweekly internet-based questionnaires about their symptoms and health-care seeking (HCS) activities, including a) healthcare provider contacts; b) office visits; c) emergency room/urgent care visits; d) medication changes; and e) medical procedures.

Differential treatment between trial arms has been suggested to bias prostate cancer (PC) mortality in the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC).

To quantify the contribution of treatment differences to the observed PC mortality reduction between the screening arm (SA) and the control arm (CA).

The current definition of urinary tract infection (UTI) relies on laboratory and clinical findings, which may or may not be relevant, depending upon the patient group under consideration. This report considers the utility of current definitions for UTI in adults with and without underlying neurological conditions in order to identify gaps in current understanding and to recommend directions for research.

Primary urethral cancer (PUC) is a rare cancer entity. Owing to the low incidence of this malignancy, the main body of literature consists mainly of case reports, making evidence-based management recommendations difficult.

While varicocele is the most common cause of surgically correctable infertility in adult males, with repair resulting in improved semen parameters in 60% to 80% of men and a higher likelihood of conception in up to 60% of men, the rationale for varicocele repair in the pediatric population is less clear.

Neuromodulation is recommended by major international guidelines as a fourth-line treatment in bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis (BPS/IC) patients after failure of behavioural, oral and intravesical pharmacological treatments, including hydrodistension.

Due to the rapidly changing field of kidney cancer therapeutics, addressing the state of the art systemic therapy regimens, and sequencing with cytoreductive nephrectomy are the primary focus of this review.

This is a summary of a publication about the ARAMIS (Androgen Receptor Antagonizing Agent for Metastasis-free Survival) trial, which was published in the New England Journal of Medicine in September 2020.

The impact of the first coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) wave on cancer patient management was measured within the nationwide network of the Unicancer comprehensive cancer centers in France.

The number of patients diagnosed and treated within 17 of the 18 Unicancer centers was collected in 2020 and compared with that during the same periods between 2016 and 2019.

To develop a tool to predict a woman's treatment pattern for bothersome urinary urgency (UU) and/or UU incontinence over 1 year after presenting for care at urology or urogynecology clinics.

The Symptoms of Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction Research Network observational cohort study enrolled adult women with bothersome UU and/or UU incontinence using the lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) Tool who were seeking care for LUTS.

To assess the adherence to European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines in the management of prostate cancer (PCa) in Spain.

Epidemiological, population-based, study including a national representative sample of 3,918 incident patients with histopathological confirmation during 2010; 95% of the patient's sample was followed up for at least one year.

This guideline provides direction to clinicians and patients regarding how to recognize interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS), conduct a valid diagnostic process, and approach treatment with the goals of maximizing symptom control and patient quality of life while minimizing adverse events and patient burden.

To review the characteristics of the neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) secondary to aortic dissection (AD), analyze the clinical features, and discuss the treatment options.

Ten individuals complaining of lower urinary tract syndrome following AD were enrolled in this study.

This study assessed a national healthcare intervention launched in Sweden in 2015 to reduce the time between macroscopic haematuria, diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract cancer.

The outcome of the first 11 months was evaluated in 1697 individuals referred to a standardized care pathway for urinary tract cancer compared with 174 patients with conventionally diagnosed urothelial carcinoma.

Recommended treatments for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) come with considerable morbidity. Hyperthermia (HT) triggered drug release from phosphatidylglycerol-based thermosensitive liposomes (DPPG2-TSL) might prevent surgical bladder removal and toxicity from systemic chemotherapy.

Accountable care organizations (ACOs) can improve prostate cancer care by decreasing treatment variations (ie, avoidance of treatment in low-value settings). Herein, the authors performed a study to understand the effect of Medicare Shared Savings Program ACOs on prostate cancer care.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), as a clinical entity that affects many people, has always been in the forefront of interest among researchers, pharmaceutical companies, and physicians. Patients with BPH exhibit a diverse range of symptoms, while current treatment options can occasionally cause adverse events.

To evaluate the association between early treatment and urodynamic improvement in pediatric and adolescent patients with neurogenic bladder.

Retrospective longitudinal and observational study (between 1990 and 2013) including patients with neurogenic bladder and myelomeningocele treated based on urodynamic results.

The European Association of Urology (EAU)-European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM)-European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology (ESTRO)-European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR)-International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP)-International Society of Geriatric Oncology (SIOG) guidelines provide recommendations for the management of clinically localised prostate cancer (PCa).

To present a summary of the 2020 version of the European Association of Urology (EAU)-European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM)-European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology (ESTRO)-European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR)-International Society of Geriatric Oncology (SIOG) guidelines on screening, diagnosis, and local treatment of clinically localised prostate cancer (PCa).

Although guidelines exist for advanced and variant bladder cancer management, evidence is limited/conflicting in some areas and the optimal approach remains controversial.

To bring together a large multidisciplinary group of experts to develop consensus statements on controversial topics in bladder cancer management.

Although guidelines exist for advanced and variant bladder cancer management, evidence is limited/conflicting in some areas and the optimal approach remains controversial.

To bring together a large multidisciplinary group of experts to develop consensus statements on controversial topics in bladder cancer management.

The objective is to review the literature related to lower urinary tract (LUT) conditions in children to conceptualize general practice guidelines for the general practitioner, pediatrician, pediatric urologist, and urologist.

To present a summary of the 2016 version of the European Association of Urology (EAU) - European Society for Radiotherapy & Oncology (ESTRO) - International Society of Geriatric Oncology (SIOG) Guidelines on screening, diagnosis, and local treatment with curative intent of clinically localised prostate cancer (PCa).

This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the new bipolar radiofrequency thermotherapy device (TEMPRO) in treating patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Between December 2017 and November 2018, 72 male patients with BPH were included.

To evaluate overactive bladder (OAB) in male and female patients with moderate or severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and to investigate the impact of three months of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy on the symptoms of OAB.