RCT Articles

To explore the impact of different feedback strategies on 1) subsequent agreement and 2) variability in Delphi studies.

A two-round Delphi survey, with a list of outcomes generated from the results of a systematic review and interviews, was undertaken whilst developing a core outcomes set for prostate cancer including two stakeholder groups (health professionals and patients).

To determine whether omitting antimicrobial prophylaxis (AMP) in TURB is safe in patients undergoing TURB without an indwelling pre-operative catheter/nephrostomy/DJ and a negative pre-operative urinary culture.

The present systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed to compare the mortality rates related to adverse events (AEs) and discontinuation of treatment due to toxicity as well as all AEs of currently used chemotherapy regimens for first-line therapy of advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB).

At least half of all adult women will experience infective cystitis (urinary tract infection: UTI) at least once in their life and many suffer from repeated episodes. Recurrent urinary tract infection (rUTI) in adult women is usually treated with long-term, low-dose antibiotics and current national and international guidelines recommend this as the 'gold standard' preventative treatment.

Cancer patients are predominantly treated as out-patients and as they often experience difficult symptoms and side effects it is important to facilitate and improve patient-clinician communication to support symptom management and self-care.

Limited evidence exists regarding the cost and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) effects of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) recurrence and progression to muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).

Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is commonly given to men with prostate cancer. Both its benefits as well as its adverse effects are a direct consequence of sex steroid withdrawal. While ADT improves oncologic outcomes in appropriately selected men, it is associated with adverse effects, including accelerated bone loss leading to increased fracture risk, and with metabolically unfavorable body composition changes that predispose to diabetes and may increase cardiovascular risk.

Chronic pain (CP) is 1 of the leading causes of disability worldwide and represents a significant burden on individual, social, and economic aspects. Potential tools, such as mobile health (mHealth) systems, are emerging for the self-management of patients with CP.

Active surveillance (AS) is the disease management option of choice for low-risk prostate cancer. Despite this, men with low-risk prostate cancer (LRPC) find management decisions distressing and confusing.

Despite international recommendations of including patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in randomised clinical trials (RCTs), a 2014 review concluded that few RCTs of bladder cancer (BC) report PRO as an outcome.

High-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (HRNMIBC) is a heterogeneous disease that can be difficult to predict. While around 25% of cancers progress to invasion and metastases, the remaining majority of tumours remain within the bladder.

Urinary stone disease affects 2-3% of the general population. Ureteric stones are associated with severe pain and can have a significant impact on a patient's quality of life. Most ureteric stones are expected to pass spontaneously with supportive care; however, between one-fifth and one-third of patients require an active intervention.

The present study compared the efficacy of sunitinib and sorafenib as first-line treatment of metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mCC-RCC) with favorable or intermediate Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) risk.

Background and Objective: Over the past few years, mirabegron has been increasingly used as a therapeutic option for neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction. Here, we carried out a meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy and safety of mirabegron for the treatment of neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction.

Vibegron is a new kind of β3-adrenergic receptor agonist. We performed a systematic review and pooled analysis to assess the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of Vibegron for treating overactive bladder (OAB).

This paper presents a feasibility trial protocol the purpose of which is to prepare for a future randomised controlled trial to determine the effectiveness of vibrating vaginal pelvic floor training balls for postpartum pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation.