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Screening programs for prostate cancer based on the determination of serum prostate specific antigen has led to overdiagnosis, and consequently overtreatment. A percentage of men diagnosed with prostate cancer have a tumour that will not progress, or do so slowly (overdiagnosis or pseudo-disease).

Objective: To estimate the incidence and mortality of kidney cancer in China in 2014, based on the cancer registration data. Data was collected through the National Central Cancer Registry (NCCR). Methods: All together, 449 cancer registries submitted required data on incidence and deaths of kidney cancer occurred in 2014, to the NCCR.

The article reviews the rates of incidence, late diagnosis and mortality from kidney cancer in Primorsky Krai. The authors address the issues of improving primary and specialized medical care by introducing a three-level health care system and restructuring of hospital beds.

Objective: To estimate the incidence and mortality of bladder cancer in China based on the cancer registration data in 2014, collected by the National Central Cancer Registry (NCCR). Methods: There were 449 cancer registries submitted bladder cancer new cases and deaths occurred in 2014 to NCCR.

BACKGROUND - National and international guidelines recommend radical prostatectomy (RP) and radiotherapy (EBRT) as standard treatment for intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer. Survival benefit of RP in prostate cancer has been proven in prospectively randomized trials.

The prostate cancer became for two decades the most frequent cancer in men. We describe the evolution of its incidence and mortality from 1980 to 2011 for France.

The European Randomized study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC) has previously demonstrated that prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening decreases prostate cancer (PCa) mortality.

To determine whether PSA screening decreases PCa mortality for up to 16yr and to assess results following adjustment for nonparticipation and the number of screening rounds attended.

To raise awareness on nocturia disease burden and to provide simplified aetiologic evaluation and related treatment pathways.

A multidisciplinary group of nocturia experts developed practical advice and recommendations based on the best available evidence supplemented by their own experiences.

This study presents a novel geo-based metric to identify neighborhoods with high burdens of prostate cancer, and compares this metric to other methods to prioritize neighborhoods for prostate cancer interventions.

The current evidence of PSA-based prostate cancer screening shows a reduction in cause-specific mortality, but with substantial overdiagnosis. Recently, new developments in detection of clinically relevant prostate cancer include multiple kallikreins as biomarkers besides PSA, and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) for biopsy decision.

Prostate cancer (PCa) testing involves a complex individually based decision-making process. It should consider competing risks from other comorbidities when estimating a survival benefit from the early detection of clinically significant (cs)PCa.

Modifiable lifestyle factors linked to cancer offer great potential for prevention. Previous studies suggest an association between adherence to recommendations on healthy lifestyle and cancer mortality.

Temporal trends in prostate cancer incidence and death rates have been attributed to changing patterns of screening and improved treatment (mortality only), among other factors. This study evaluated contemporary national-level trends and their relations with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing prevalence and explored trends in incidence according to disease characteristics with stage-specific, delay-adjusted rates.

Obesity is one of the major risk factors of cancer. However, how body mass index (BMI) influences the prognosis of renal cell cancer (RCC) patient is unclear. In this work, we have performed a meta-analysis to elucidate the role of abnormal weight in RCC mortality and postoperative survival.

Concerns about high caffeine intake and coffee as a vehicle for added fat and sugar have raised questions about the net impact of coffee on health. Although inverse associations have been observed for overall mortality, data for cause-specific mortality are sparse.

Current guidelines recommend pelvic lymphadenectomy (PLND) for patients with pelvic lymph node metastasis and special state. However, these data and recommendations do not distinguish the role of PLND in different patient groups and confirm the final benefits.

Bladder cancer has become a common cancer globally, with an estimated 430 000 new cases diagnosed in 2012.

We examine the most recent global bladder cancer incidence and mortality patterns and trends, the current understanding of the aetiology of the disease, and specific issues that may influence the registration and reporting of bladder cancer.

PURPOSE - We sought to assess the association of temporal, socioeconomic and environmental factors with bladder cancer mortality in the United States. Our hypothesis was that bladder cancer mortality is associated with distinct environmental and socioeconomic factors, with their effects varying by region, race and gender.

The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has determined there is sufficient evidence that working in the rubber manufacturing industry increases the risk of cancers of the stomach, lung, bladder and leukaemia and lymphoma.

Radical cystectomy is associated with a high postoperative mortality and morbidity in older patients. We aimed to define the predictive value of comorbidity scores and determine the prognostic factors of postoperative complications.

To develop and validate a nomogram assessing cancer and all-cause mortality following radical cystectomy. Given concerns regarding the morbidity associated with surgery, there is a need for incorporation of cancer-specific and competing risks into patient counseling and recommendations.

Cancer is a major cause of illness in Australia and therefore ongoing monitoring of cancer in Australia is important. This study sources data from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) and reports actual number of cases diagnosed and deaths, for all cancers combined and selected cancers, from 1982 to 2013 for incidence and from 1982 to 2014 for mortality, with projections to 2017 for both.

Europe contains 9% of the world population but has a 25% share of the global cancer burden. Up-to-date cancer statistics in Europe are key to cancer planning. Cancer incidence and mortality estimates for 25 major cancers are presented for the 40 countries in the four United Nations-defined areas of Europe and for Europe and the European Union (EU-28) for 2018.

BACKGROUND - Increased cancer risk has been reported among workers in the rubber manufacturing industry employed before the 1960s. It is unclear whether risk remains increased among workers hired subsequently. The present study focused on risk of cancer mortality for rubber workers first employed since 1975 in 64 factories.

Assessing long-term success and efficiency is essential to evaluating cancer control programs. Mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) can serve as an insightful indicator of cancer management outcomes for individual nations.

Kidney recipients receive immunosuppression to prevent graft rejection, and long-term outcomes such as post-transplant cancer and mortality may vary according to the different protocols of immunosuppression.

In this article, the American Cancer Society provides the estimated number of new cancer cases and deaths for blacks in the United States and the most recent data on cancer incidence, mortality, survival, screening, and risk factors for cancer.

To compare the clinical characteristics and cancer-specific mortality in men diagnosed with prostate cancer before versus after age 50 years.

919 men aged 35 to 49 years and 45,098 men aged 50 to 66 years, diagnosed with prostate cancer between 1998 and 2012, were identified in Prostate Cancer data Base Sweden (PCBaSe).

Despite rapid increase in incidence of prostate cancer (PC) and PC survivors, there are few studies regarding competing causes of death and time trends in Asian population. We conducted a cohort study of 2% nationwide random sample of Korean National Health Insurance employees.

The purpose of our study was to characterize the causes of death among cancer patients as a function of objectives: (I) calendar year, (II) patient age, and (III) time after diagnosis.

US death certificate data in SEER Stat 8.

Mutations in the promoter region of the TERT gene have been detected in a variety of cancers. These mutations can potentially lead to unlimited cell divisions and result in poor clinical prognosis.

To determine the role and relevance of TERT promoter region mutations in both clear cell (ccRCC) and non-clear cell (nccRCC) renal cell carcinoma using ultra-deep and whole-genome sequencing methods on primary tumor samples.

Careful descriptions of men with prostate cancer (PCa)-specific mortality are scant in nontrial settings. The present retrospective review describes the clinical characteristics, timelines, and treatment histories from initial presentation to death in a cohort of men with metastatic, castrate-resistant PCa (mCRPC).

While vitamin D has been associated with improved overall cancer survival in some investigations, few have prospectively evaluated organ-specific survival. We examined the accepted biomarker of vitamin D status, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], and cancer survival in the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study.

Most prostate cancer patients also have comorbidities that are treated with both prescription and nonprescription medications; furthermore, many use dietary supplements. We assess their association with prognosis after prostate cancer diagnosis, and we discuss methodological challenges and clinical implications.

To evaluate the prognostic relevance of different prostatic invasion patterns in pT4a urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) after radical cystectomy.

Our study comprised a total of 358 men with pT4a UCB.

The comparative effectiveness of robotic-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) versus open radical cystectomy (ORC) in terms of perioperative outcomes is still a matter of debate affecting payors, physicians, and patients.

The optimal sequence of cytoreductive nephrectomy and targeted therapy of metastatic renal cell carcinoma is unclear. We compared overall survival between patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with initial cytoreductive nephrectomy with or without subsequent targeted therapy vs initial targeted therapy with or without subsequent cytoreductive nephrectomy.

To compare rates of positive surgical margins (PSM), use of postoperative radiation therapy (RT), and perioperative outcomes between robotic-assisted laparoscopic (RALP) and open radical prostatectomy (ORP) in a contemporary population-based cohort.

To better understand influence of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening and other health system determinants on prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa), up-to-date relative survival (RS), stage distributions, and trends in survival and incidence in Germany were evaluated and compared with the United States (US).

To analyze the impact of urinary diversion type following radical cystectomy (RC) on readmission and short-term mortality rates.

Patients who underwent RC for bladder cancer in the National Cancer Data Base were grouped based on the type of urinary diversion performed: non-continent [ileal conduit (IC)] or two continent techniques [continent pouch (CP) and orthotopic neobladder (NB)].

Prostate biopsy (PB) represents the gold standard method to confirm the presence of cancer. In addition to traditional random or systematic approaches, a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided technique has been introduced recently.

Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the prostate (NEPC) is a rare entity. We aimed at providing contemporary data on incidence and survival figures of de-novo NEPC.

Within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, we identified 309 individuals with de-novo NEPC diagnosed between 2004 and 2013.

AIM - The purpose of the study was to provide an update ever the incidence and mortality for neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) in the United States.

To examine contemporary rates of pathological features and mortality for adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder in the USA using population-based data analysis.

We relied on 10 024 patients with non-metastatic bladder cancer diagnosed between 2004 and 2013 within the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results registries.

The five Nordic countries comprise 25 million people, and have similar treatment traditions and healthcare systems. To take advantage of these similarities, a collaborative group (Nordic Renal Cancer Group, NORENCA) was founded in 2015.

We analysed contemporary pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) trend during radical cystectomy (RC) for urothelial carcinoma of urinary bladder (UCUB), as well as PLND association with cancer specific mortality (CSM) and complications after stratification according to octogenarian vs.

Radical cystectomy (RC) is an effective but underused treatment for bladder cancer in elderly patients. This study performed analysis of propensity scores (PSs) to determine the outcomes of RC for elderly patients, with results generalizable at the population-based level.

Adding chemotherapy to radical cystectomy (RC) may improve outcome. Neoadjuvant treatment is advocated by guidelines based on meta-analysis data but is severely underused in clinical practice. Adjuvant treatment of patients at risk could be an alternative.

This paper aims to determine whether racial disparities exist in hospitalization outcomes among African-American and White hospitalized prostate cancer patients in the United States. We evaluated racial differences among matched groups of patients in post-operative complications, hospital length of stay and in-hospital mortality.

This study was designed to evaluate whether survival rates in patients with heart failure (HF) are better than those in patients with diagnoses of the four most common cancers in men and women, respectively, in a contemporary primary care cohort in the community in Scotland.