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Autopsy studies have confirmed the high prevalence of latent prostate cancer; however, only a certain portion of patients require definite treatment. Active surveillance is one of the treatment options which, according to national and international guidelines, should be offered to patients with newly diagnosed low-risk prostate cancer.

Objective: To develop a predictive nomogram based on multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) information to identify men more likely to have a cancer diagnosed on repeat prostate biopsy.

Prostate cancer is the most common form of cancer in men in Germany; however, there is a distinct difference between incidence and mortality.

The detection of prostate cancer is based on clinical and laboratory testing using serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and transrectal ultrasound with randomized biopsy.

To determine whether patient-specific 3D printed renal tumor models change pre-operative planning decisions made by urological surgeons in preparation for complex renal mass surgical procedures.

From our ongoing IRB approved study on renal neoplasms, ten renal mass cases were retrospectively selected based on Nephrometry Score greater than 5 (range 6-10).

Positron emission tomography (PET) has been commonly and successfully used, in combination with computed tomography (CT) and more recently magnetic resonance (MRI), in the workup of intermediate or high-risk prostate cancer (PCa).

Lymph node staging plays an important role in planning initial management in nonmetastatic prostate cancer. This article compares the role of (68)Gallium ((68)Ga)-prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which is considered the standard staging modality.

MRI-targeted biopsy is a promising technique that offers an improved detection of clinically significant prostate cancer over standard non-targeted biopsy. It is established that prostate MRI is of use in both the primary and repeat biopsy setting for the detection of significant prostate cancer.

This meta-analysis was undertaken to review the diagnostic accuracy of PI-RADS V2 for prostate cancer (PCa) detection with multiparametric MR (mp-MR).

A comprehensive literature search of electronic databases was performed by two observers independently.

Combining magnetic-resonance imaging (MRI) and proton therapy (PT) using pencil-beam scanning (PBS) may improve image-guided radiotherapy. We aimed at assessing the impact of a magnetic field on PBS-PT plan quality and robustness.

The classical pathway for the diagnosis of prostate cancer is transrectal ultrasound-guided (TRUS) biopsy of the prostate initiated on the basis of a raised prostate-specific antigen (PSA). An alternative pathway is to perform multi-parametricMRI (MPMRI) to localise cancer and to use this information to influence the decision for, and conduct of, a subsequent biopsy, known as an MPMRI-targeted biopsy.

PURPOSE - The role magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a first-line screening test for prostate cancer is unknown. We conducted a pilot study to evaluate the feasibility of prostate MRI as the primary screening test for prostate cancer.

Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging has become an established method for evaluating the prostate for clinically significant prostate adenocarcinoma. Criteria have been developed for categorizing MRI findings, the most frequently used of which is the PI-RADS system.

Correct assessment of tumour stage is crucial for prostate cancer (PCa) management.

To assess the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for local PCa staging and explore the influence of different imaging protocols.

We investigated the accuracy of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) for preoperative staging and its influence on the determination of neurovascular bundle sparing and disease prognosis in patients with localized prostate cancer.

Many men with low-risk prostate cancer (PCa) receive definitive treatment despite recommendations that have been informed by two large, randomized trials encouraging active surveillance (AS). We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Optum™ Research Database (Eden Prairie, MN) of electronic health records and administrative claims data to assess AS use for patients tested with a 17-gene Genomic Prostate Score™ (GPS; Genomic Health, Redwood City, CA) assay and/or prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

The aim of this study was to evaluate the additional value of magnetic resonance imaging-targeted biopsy (MRI-TB) to standard transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy (SB) for detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (PCa).

To assess adoption of pre-biopsy prostate MRI in the United States and evaluate factors associated with MRI-Bx use. Prior reports have shown improved cancer detection with magnetic resonance image-guided prostate biopsies (MRI-Bx) vs.

Background and Aims: Laser vaporization of the prostate is expected as a less invasive treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), via the photothermal effect. In order to develop safer and more effective laser vaporization of the prostate, it is essential to set optimal irradiation parameters based on quantitative evaluation of temperature distribution and thermally denatured depth in prostate tissue.

To evaluate the relationship between the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value for bladder cancer and the recurrence/progression risk of post-transurethral resection (TUR).

Forty-one patients with initial and non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer underwent MRI from 2009 to 2012.

in men with suspicion of prostate cancer (PCa), the standard for cancer detection is trans-rectal ultrasound guided (TRUS) 10-12-core systematic biopsy (SB). Performing a targeted biopsy (TB) only strategy, using MRI-TRUS image registration, is gaining in popularity.

To evaluate the role of free-hand transperineal targeted prostate biopsy using multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging-transrectal ultrasound (mpMRI-TRUS) fusion in Chinese men with repeated biopsy.

PURPOSE - To assess the performance of prospectively assigned MRI-based Likert scale scores for detection of clinically significant prostate cancer and to analyze the pre-biopsy imaging variables associated with increased cancer detection using targeted MRI-TRUS fusion biopsy.

To explore the morphological and functional characteristics of prostatic arterial embolization (PAE) in a canine model of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with 3T multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mp-MRI) and whole-mount step-section pathology correlation.

In the recent years, prostate cancer was the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men. Currently secure diagnosis confirmation is done by a transrectal biopsy and following histopathological examination.

Multiparametric testicular ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings were analyzed in a series of 10 infertile asymptomatic men presenting with pathologically confirmed burned-out testicular tumors.

The purpose of the study is to differentiate granulomatous prostatitis (GP) from high-grade prostate cancer (PCa) based on clinical findings and imaging characteristics on multiparametric MRI (MP-MRI).

To determine the significance and need for investigation of incidental prostatic uptake in men undergoing (18)F-labelled fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for other indications.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prostate cancer yield rate of targeted transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided biopsy with cognitive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) registration without concurrent systematic biopsy in patients with previous negative systematic TRUS-guided biopsy results and persistently elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels.

The detection of lymph node metastases in bladder cancer has a significant impact on treatment decisions. Multiple imaging modalities are available to clinicians including magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography and positron emission tomography.

To evaluate the accuracy of multiparametric magnetic resonance-transrectal ultrasound fusion targeted biopsy (TBx) in the characterization of the index tumor, as confirmed by association with radical prostatectomy (RP) specimens.

To assess the effect of different population-averaged arterial-input-functions (pAIF) on pharmacokinetic parameters from dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) and their diagnostic accuracy regarding the detection of potentially malignant prostate lesions.

Retrospective study.

To note the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) differences between pathologically proven cases of atypical spinal tuberculosis and spinal metastasis in 40 cases.

Spinal tuberculosis, or Pott's spine, constitutes less than 1% of all cases of tuberculosis and can be associated with a neurologic deficit.

To determine the efficacy of cognitive targeted prostate biopsy using biparametric magnetic resonance imaging (b-MRI) for patients with prostate-specific antigen levels under 10 ng/mL.

We reviewed data from 123 consecutive patients who underwent cognitive targeted prostate biopsy using prostate MRI.

The purpose of this study was to compare the PI-RADS V2 scores, ADC histogram-derived parameters, and their combination for the diagnosis of clinically significant peripheral zone prostate cancer (PCa).

To determine how best to use MRI and targeted MR/ultrasound fusion biopsy for early detection of prostate cancer in men with elevated PSA and whether it can be cost-effective.

A Markov model of prostate cancer onset and progression was developed to estimate health and economic consequences of prostate cancer screening with MRI.

We propose an approach of 3D convolutional neural network to segment the prostate in MR images.

A 3D deep dense multi-path convolutional neural network that follows the framework of the encoder-decoder design is proposed.

Multiparametric magnetic resonance (mpMRI)/ultrasound targeted prostate biopsy (TB) is touted as a tool to improve prostate cancer care. Yet, the true clinical utility of TB over transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (TRUS-B) has not been systematically analyzed.

PURPOSE - To evaluate the modifications of the tumor stage and clinical target volume following a prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate the tumor (T) staging, and the clinical benefits for prostate cancer.

To evaluate the sensitivity of mp-MRI for prostate cancer (PCa) foci, including index lesions.

115 patients with ultrasound biopsy confirmed PCa underwent mp-MRI, and radical prostatectomy. A single expert radiologist recorded all PCa foci including the largest (index) lesion blinded to pathologist's biopsy report.

Current investigations of stomach function are based on small test meals that do not reliably induce symptoms and analysis techniques that rarely detect clinically relevant dysfunction. This study introduces the large 'Nottingham Test Meal' (NTM) for assessment of gastric motor and sensory function by non-invasive imaging.

To assess T2-weighted (T2W) MRI to differentiate transition zone (TZ) prostate cancer (PCa) from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

With IRB approval, 22 consecutive TZ PCa were retrospectively compared with 30 consecutive BPH (15 stromal, 15 glandular) nodules diagnosed using radical prostatectomy MRI maps.

To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of mpMRI and mpMRI / transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) fusion-guided targeted biopsy (FTB) against transperineal template saturation prostate biopsy (TTSPB) for the detection of prostate cancer (PCa).

To evaluate the diagnostic performance of preoperative multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mp-MRI) as a predictor of extracapsular extension (ECE) and unfavorable Gleason score (GS) in patients with intermediate and high-risk prostate cancer (PCa).

To review the diagnostic performance of ≥1.5-T MRI for local staging of bladder cancer.

MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched up to February 21, 2017. We included diagnostic accuracy studies published since 2000 that used ≥1.

Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging combined with ultrasound-fusion-targeted biopsy of the prostate intends to increase diagnostic precision, which has to be clarified.

We performed multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging followed by ultrasound-fusion-guided perineal biopsy in 99 male patients with elevated prostate-specific-antigen and previous negative standard biopsy-procedures.

In 2015, the updated Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2 (PI-RADSv2) for the detection of prostate cancer (PCa) was established. Since then, several studies assessing the value of PI-RADSv2 have been published.

The objective of this study is to determine the diagnostic value of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) in patients with recurrent or residual prostate cancer (PCa) after radical prostatectomy. Studies were systematically searched in the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library, SCI, CBM, CNKI, VIP, Wan Fang, and other databases.

To evaluate the diagnostic value of integrated positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) compared with conventional multiparametric MRI and PET/computed tomography (CT) for the detailed and accurate segmental detection/localization of prostate cancer.

Nowadays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the gold standard for evaluation and diagnosis of spinal cord abnormalities, which are considered among the leading causes of neurogenic bladder; however, MRI is a costly imaging method and is not available at all health centers.

This review article aims to provide an overview on of diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DW-MR imaging) in the urogenital tract. Compared with conventional cross-sectional imaging methods, the additional value of DW-MR imaging in the detection and further characterization of benign and malignant lesions of the kidneys, bladder, prostate, and pelvic lymph nodes is discussed as well as the role of DW-MR imaging in the evaluation of treatment response.