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External beam radiation therapy (EBRT) with low-dose-rate (LDR) brachytherapy boost has been associated with improved biochemical progression-free survival and overall survival (OS) compared with dose-escalated EBRT (DE-EBRT) alone for unfavorable-risk prostate cancer.

To measure the accuracy and variability of manual high-dose-rate (HDR) prostate brachytherapy (BT) needle tip localization using sagittally reconstructed three-dimensional (3D) transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) augmented with live two-dimensional (2D) sagittal TRUS.

To elucidate potential risk factors important for the appearance of late rectal toxicity (LRT) after high-dose-rate boost treatment (HDRBT) of prostate cancer and to validate the predictive value of the minimal dose to the most exposed 2 cc of rectum received with HDRBT (D2ccrect).

To evaluate the treatment outcomes, toxicity and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in prostate cancer (PCa) patients who underwent single-fraction high-dose-rate brachytherapy (single-fraction HDR-BT) with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT).

The aim of this paper is to compare outcomes between high-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy (HDR-BT) monotherapy and image-guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IG-IMRT) for localized prostate cancer.

Conventionally fractionated (CF) external-beam radiation therapy (1.8-2.0 Gy/fraction) is an established treatment modality for localized prostate cancer. Emerging evidence suggests that the α/β ratio for prostate cancer is as low as 1.

Optimal treatment for patients with only local prostate cancer recurrence after external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) failure remains unclear. Possible curative treatments are radical prostatectomy, cryosurgery, and brachytherapy.

Single-dose high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT), in a Phase-II study, was compared to two or three fractions in intermediate and high-risk localized prostate cancer.

293 patients received 1×19Gy or 1×20Gy (A=49), 2×13Gy (B=138), or 3×10.

Conventional transrectal ultrasound guided high-dose-rate prostate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) uses an axially acquired image set for organ segmentation and 2D sagittal images for needle segmentation. Sagittally reconstructed 3D (SR3D) transrectal ultrasound enables both organ and needle segmentation and has the potential to reduce organ-needle alignment uncertainty.

To evaluate urinary incontinence (UI) and to elucidate potential risk factors important for the appearance or deterioration of pre-existing UI after high-dose-rate boost treatment of prostate cancer.