Risk Factors and Patterns of Locoregional Recurrence After Radical Nephrectomy for Locally Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma.

We aimed to investigate the risk factors and patterns of locoregional recurrence (LRR) after radical nephrectomy (RN) in patients with locally advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

We retrospectively analyzed 245 patients who underwent RN for non-metastatic pathologic T3-4 RCC from January 2006 to January 2016. We analyzed the risk factors associated with poor locoregional control using Cox regression. Anatomical mapping was performed on reference computed tomography scans showing intact kidneys.

The median follow-up duration was 56 months (1-128 months). Tumor extension to renal vessels or the inferior vena cava (IVC) and Fuhrman's nuclear grade IV were identified as independent risk factors of LRR. The 5-year actuarial LRR rates in groups with no risk factor, one risk factor, and two risk factors were 2.3%, 19.8%, and 30.8%, respectively (p<0.0001). The locations of LRR were distributed as follows: aortocaval area (n=2), retrocaval area (n=5), and tumor bed (n=11). No LRR was observed above the celiac axis (CA) or under the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA).

Tumor extension to renal vessels or the IVC and Fuhrman's nuclear grade IV are the independent risk factors associated with LRR after RN for pT3-4 RCC. The locations of LRR after RN for RCC were distributed in the tumor bed and regional lymphatic area from the bifurcation of the CA to that of the IMA.

Cancer research and treatment. 2021 Apr 15 [Epub ahead of print]

Gyu Sang Yoo, Won Park, Hongryull Pyo, Byong Chang Jeong, Hwang Gyun Jeon, Minyong Kang, Seong Il Seo, Seong Soo Jeon, Hyun Moo Lee, Han Yong Choi, Byung Kwan Park, Chan Kyo Kim, Sung Yoon Park, Ghee Young Kwon

Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea., Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea., Department of Urology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea., Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea., Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.