Despite recent advances in our understanding of the biological behavior of prostate cancer (PCa), PCa is becoming the most common malignancy in men worldwide. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway has been implicated in prostate carcinogenesis. Inflammatory cytokines (CCR9, IL-6, and TLR3) regulate PI3K/AKT signaling during apoptosis of PCa cells, and PI3K/AKT signaling participates with androgen-, 1alpha,25(OH)2-vitamin D3-, and prostaglandin-associated mechanisms and is regulated by ErbB, EGFR, and the HER family during cell growth. During metastasis of PCa cells, the PI3K/AKT/NF-kappaB/BMP-2-Smad axis, PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling regulates tumor cell metastasis and invasion. The present review focuses on the PI3K/AKT signal pathway and discusses the role of the PI3K/AKT signal pathway in PCa tumorigenesis.
Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition). 2016 Jun 01*** epublish ***
Huixing Chen, Lan Zhou, Xiaorong Wu, Rongbing Li, Jiling Wen, Jianjun Sha, Xiaofei Wen
Department of Urology, Shanghai Eastern Hospital, Shanghai, China and Department of Urology, RenJi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China., Department of Urology, Shanghai Eastern Hospital, Shanghai, China., Department of Urology, RenJi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China., Department of Urology, Shanghai Eastern Hospital, Shanghai, China., Department of Urology, Shanghai Eastern Hospital, Shanghai, China., Department of Urology, RenJi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China., Department of Urology, Shanghai Eastern Hospital, Shanghai, China, .