Noninvasive, radiological image-based detection and stratification of Gleason patterns can impact clinical outcomes, treatment selection, and the determination of disease status at diagnosis without subjecting patients to surgical biopsies.
We present machine learning-based automatic classification of prostate cancer aggressiveness by combining apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and T2-weighted (T2-w) MRI-based texture features. Our approach achieved reasonably accurate classification of Gleason scores (GS) [Formula: see text] vs. [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] vs. [Formula: see text] despite the presence of highly unbalanced samples by using two different sample augmentation techniques followed by feature selection-based classification. Our method distinguished between GS [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] cancers with 93% accuracy for cancers occurring in both peripheral (PZ) and transition (TZ) zones and 92% for cancers occurring in the PZ alone. Our approach distinguished the GS [Formula: see text] from GS [Formula: see text] with 92% accuracy for cancers occurring in both the PZ and TZ and with 93% for cancers occurring in the PZ alone. In comparison, a classifier using only the ADC mean achieved a top accuracy of 58% for distinguishing GS [Formula: see text] vs. GS [Formula: see text] for cancers occurring in PZ and TZ and 63% for cancers occurring in PZ alone. The same classifier achieved an accuracy of 59% for distinguishing GS [Formula: see text] from GS [Formula: see text] occurring in the PZ and TZ and 60% for cancers occurring in PZ alone. Separate analysis of the cancers occurring in TZ alone was not performed owing to the limited number of samples. Our results suggest that texture features derived from ADC and T2-w MRI together with sample augmentation can help to obtain reasonably accurate classification of Gleason patterns.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2015 Nov 02 [Epub]
Duc Fehr, Harini Veeraraghavan, Andreas Wibmer, Tatsuo Gondo, Kazuhiro Matsumoto, Herbert Alberto Vargas, Evis Sala, Hedvig Hricak, Joseph O Deasy
Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY;, Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY;, Department of Urology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY. , Department of Urology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY. , Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY;, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY;, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY;, Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY;