Transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy of the prostate (TRUSP) remains the primary procedure for the accurate histologic diagnosis of prostate cancer. Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are still recommended as the agents of choice for antimicrobial prophylaxis for TRUSP despite the alarming increasing incidence of FQ-resistant organisms among men undergoing TRUSP. This article reviews the current TRUSP antimicrobial prophylaxis guidelines, antimicrobial resistance and its implications for these guidelines, the incidence of post-TRUSP infectious complications including urosepsis, the seminal data supporting pre-TRUSP rectal swab (RS), RS technique and protocol, and the current available literature surrounding the efficacy of RS in reducing post-TRUSP infectious complications.
The Urologic clinics of North America. 2015 Aug 08 [Epub]
Aisha Khalali Taylor, Adam Bryant Murphy
Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 300 Halket Street, Suite 4710, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. Electronic address: taylora10@upmc. edu. , Department of Urology, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Tarry Building Room 16-703, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.