BACKGROUND: Although commonly used, early initiation of salvage androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has not been proven to enhance survival.
We evaluated whether prostate-specific antigen (PSA) anxiety or health literacy are associated with use of early salvage ADT among men with recurrent prostate cancer after radiotherapy.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: The prospective Comprehensive, Observational, Multicenter, Prostate Adenocarcinoma Registry was used to study 375 men with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer after external beam radiation or brachytherapy. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine whether PSA anxiety and health literacy are associated with salvage ADT as initial management after biochemical recurrence.
RESULTS: Sixty-eight men (18.1%) received salvage ADT as initial management for PSA recurrence. Men with high PSA anxiety were twice as likely to receive salvage ADT compared with men who did not have high PSA anxiety on both univariable [28.8% versus 13.1%; odds ratio (OR) 2.15; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.16-4.00; P = 0.015] and multivariable analysis [adjusted OR (AOR) 2.36; 95% CI 1.21-4.62; P = 0.012]. Furthermore, men who had higher levels of health literacy were nearly half as likely to undergo salvage ADT compared with men who had lower levels of health literacy on univariable analysis (15.2% versus 26.3%; OR 0.50; 95% CI 0.29-0.88; P = 0.016), with a trend toward this association on multivariable analysis (AOR 0.58; 95% CI 0.32-1.05; P = 0.07).
CONCLUSIONS: Among men with PSA recurrence after radiotherapy, odds of use of salvage ADT were nearly twice as great among men with high PSA anxiety or low health literacy, suggesting that these men are receiving higher rates of unproven treatment. Given that early salvage ADT is costly, worsens quality of life, and has not been shown to improve survival, quality improvement strategies are needed for these individuals.
Written by:
Mahal BA, Chen MH, Bennett CL, Kattan MW, Sartor O, Stein K, D'Amico AV, Nguyen PL. Are you the author?
Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Statistics, University of Connecticut, Storrs; South Carolina College of Pharmacy and the Hollings Cancer Center, Charleston; Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland; Departments of Medicine and Urology, Tulane University, New Orleans; Novartis, East Hanover; Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
Reference: Ann Oncol. 2015 Apr 28. pii: mdv185.
doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdv185
PubMed Abstract
PMID: 25926039