It is unclear whether cancer patients enrolled in clinical trials have improved outcomes compared with non-study patients. We compared prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM) in patients in a real-world setting (SEER-Medicare database) versus on a trial (NRG/RTOG 0521). The 7-year freedom from PCSM was superior in trial patients (92.4% vs. 88.1%, sHR = 1.77 [95% CI 1.05-2.97], P = 0.03). Black trial patients had significantly superior freedom from PCSM than Black real-world patients (sHR 6.52, 95% CI 1.43-29.72, P = 0.02), which was not seen among non-Black patients. Trial patients may have improved outcomes, and racial disparities are accentuated in the real world.
Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases. 2023 Mar 25 [Epub ahead of print]
Ting Martin Ma, Felix Y Feng, Seth A Rosenthal, Matthew B Rettig, Ann C Raldow, Daniel E Spratt, Michael Xiang, Amar U Kishan
Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA., Department of Radiation Oncology, Sutter Medical Group, Roseville, CA, USA., Department of Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA., Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .