Which traits affect how long patients with advanced prostate cancer live when treated with enzalutamide?

This is a summary of a research article originally published in European Journal of Cancer. The PROSPER study involved men who had a type of advanced prostate cancer called nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC). In men with nmCRPC, their cancer has progressed on traditional hormone therapy but scans show that it has not spread to other parts of the body. The main results of the PROSPER study showed that patients treated with enzalutamide lived longer than patients treated with placebo. For this analysis, researchers looked at whether this was different depending on patients' traits.

Researchers found that age and location did not affect how long patients lived when treated with enzalutamide. They found three patient traits that did make a difference. Being able to carry out daily activities, low prostate-specific antigen level (PSA level), and receiving no other prostate cancer treatments after the study meant that patients were more likely to live longer.

Patients with nmCRPC treated with enzalutamide lived longer than patients treated with placebo. Age and location did not affect how long these patients lived, but other traits did. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT02003924 (ClinicalTrials.gov).

Future oncology (London, England). 2022 Oct 13 [Epub ahead of print]

Ugo De Giorgi, Maha Hussain, Neal Shore, Karim Fizazi, Bertrand Tombal, David Penson, Fred Saad, Eleni Efstathiou, Katarzyna Madziarska, Joyce Steinberg, Jennifer Sugg, Xun Lin, Qi Shen, Cora N Sternberg

IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) Dino Amadori, Meldola, Italy., Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA., Carolina Urologic Research Center, Myrtle Beach, SC, USA., Department of Cancer Medicine, Institut Gustave Roussy, University of Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France., Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium., Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA., Division of Urology & Urologic Oncology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada., MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA., Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland., Astellas Pharma Inc, Northbrook, IL, USA., Pfizer Inc, San Diego, CA, USA., Pfizer Inc, San Francisco, CA, USA., Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.