To evaluate the long-term prognostic value of magnetic resonance imaging of the prostatectomy bed in patients with biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer.
Men with biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy who were studied by prostatectomy bed magnetic resonance imaging for suspected local recurrence were retrospectively evaluated. Locally recurrent tumors were noted and measured from imaging reports. Patients with nodal/bone lesions at the time of imaging were excluded. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to assess systemic progression-free and prostate cancer-specific survival.
Total 896 men were enrolled and the imaging positive and negative groups for local recurrent tumor consisted of 441 and 455men, respectively. On univariate analysis, preoperative PSA (p=0.02), clinical tumor stage (p=0.006), pathological Gleason score from prostatectomy (p=0.02), subsequent salvage radiotherapy (p <0.001), biochemical recurrence to magnetic resonance imaging time interval (p <0.001), age at magnetic resonance imaging (p=0.047) and prostate-specific antigen at magnetic resonance imaging (p <0.001) were significantly different between magnetic resonance imaging positive and negative groups. Patients with negative MRI results had worse systemic progression-free survival rates (p=0.025), and better prostate cancer-specific survival (p=0.016) than those with recurrence. Larger lesion size significantly increased risk of prostate cancer death (hazard ratio:1.07; p <0.001). On multivariable analysis, pathological Gleason scores ≥7 were independent prognostic factors of systemic progression (p <0.05).
Prostatectomy bed magnetic resonance imaging provides long-term prognostic information for the evaluation of patients with biochemical recurrence after prostatectomy. Post prostatectomy patients with recurrent lesions on imaging had longer progression-free survival, but shorter prostate cancer-specific survival compared to those without lesions. Additionally, those with larger lesions were associated with poorer cancer-specific survival.
The Journal of urology. 2022 Jan 04 [Epub ahead of print]
Takashi Tanaka, Akira Kawashima, Laureano J Rangel, Phillip J Schulte, Adam T Froemming, Bernard F King, Lance A Mynderse, R Jeffrey Karnes
Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona., Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota., Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota., Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.