A novel stratification framework for predicting outcome in patients with prostate cancer.

Unsupervised learning methods, such as Hierarchical Cluster Analysis, are commonly used for the analysis of genomic platform data. Unfortunately, such approaches ignore the well-documented heterogeneous composition of prostate cancer samples. Our aim is to use more sophisticated analytical approaches to deconvolute the structure of prostate cancer transcriptome data, providing novel clinically actionable information for this disease.

We apply an unsupervised model called Latent Process Decomposition (LPD), which can handle heterogeneity within individual cancer samples, to genome-wide expression data from eight prostate cancer clinical series, including 1,785 malignant samples with the clinical endpoints of PSA failure and metastasis.

We show that PSA failure is correlated with the level of an expression signature called DESNT (HR = 1.52, 95% CI = [1.36, 1.7], P = 9.0 × 10-14, Cox model), and that patients with a majority DESNT signature have an increased metastatic risk (X2 test, P = 0.0017, and P = 0.0019). In addition, we develop a stratification framework that incorporates DESNT and identifies three novel molecular subtypes of prostate cancer.

These results highlight the importance of using more complex approaches for the analysis of genomic data, may assist drug targeting, and have allowed the construction of a nomogram combining DESNT with other clinical factors for use in clinical management.

British journal of cancer. 2020 Mar 20 [Epub ahead of print]

Bogdan-Alexandru Luca, Vincent Moulton, Christopher Ellis, Dylan R Edwards, Colin Campbell, Rosalin A Cooper, Jeremy Clark, Daniel S Brewer, Colin S Cooper

Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, UK., School of Computing Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, UK., Intelligent Systems Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK., Department of Pathology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK., Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, UK. .