The Urinary Transcriptome as a Source of Biomarkers for Prostate Cancer.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer of men and is typically slow-growing and asymptomatic. The use of blood PSA as a screening method has greatly improved PCa diagnosis, but high levels of false positives has raised much interest in alternative biomarkers. We used next-generation sequencing (NGS) to elucidate the urinary transcriptome of whole urine collected from high-stage and low-stage PCa patients as well as from patients with the confounding diagnosis of benign hyperplasia (BPH). We identified and validated five differentially expressed protein-coding genes (FTH1 BRPF1, OSBP, PHC3, and UACA) in an independent validation cohort of small-volume (1 mL) centrifuged urine (n = 94) and non-centrifuged urine (n = 84) by droplet digital (dd)PCR. These biomarkers were able to discriminate between BPH and PCa patients and healthy controls using either centrifuged or non-centrifuged whole urine samples, suggesting that the urinary transcriptome is a valuable source of non-invasive biomarkers for PCa that warrants further investigation.

Cancers. 2020 Feb 22*** epublish ***

Carla Solé, Ibai Goicoechea, Alai Goñi, Maike Schramm, María Armesto, María Arestin, Lorea Manterola, Maitena Tellaetxe, Aitor Alberdi, Leonor Nogueira, Mathieu Roumiguie, Jose Ignacio López, Juan Pablo Sanz Jaka, Ander Urruticoechea, Itziar Vergara, Ana Loizaga-Iriarte, Miguel Unda, Arkaitz Carracedo, Bernard Malavaud, Charles H Lawrie

Molecular Oncology group, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain., Radiation Oncology, Onkologikoa Foundation, 20014 Gipuzkoa, Spain., Hernani Primary Care Health Center, OSI Donostialdea, 20120 Osakidetza, Spain., Department of Urology, Institut Universitaire du Cancer, 31100 Toulouse, France., Department of Pathology, Cruces University Hospital, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain., Department of Urology, Hospital Donostia, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain., Onkologikoa Foundation, 20014 Gipuzkoa, Spain., Unidad de Investigación AP OSIs Gipuzkoa, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain., Department of Urology, Basurto University Hospital, 48013 Bilbao, Spain., CIBERONC (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer), 28020 Madrid, Spain.