Efficacy and safety of 4-weekly cabazitaxel for castration-resistant prostate cancer: a multi-institutional study.

This study aimed to reveal the efficacy and safety profiles of 4-weekly cabazitaxel in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).

The study included 62 Japanese patients who were treated for CRPC with ≥ 2 courses of cabazitaxel between 2014 and 2017. The oncological outcomes and adverse events were compared between 16 (25.8%) and 46 (74.2%) men who were treated with standard 3-weekly and alternative 4-weekly regimens, respectively.

The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response was comparable between the 3-weekly and 4-weekly regimens (median [interquartile range]: - 9.9% [- 64.5 to 13.0%] and - 30.7% [- 52.8 to 10.9%], P = 0.89), respectively. For patients on the 4-weekly regimen, the risks of progression (hazard ratio [HR], 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.27, 0.71-2.43, P = 0.44), treatment failure (HR, 95% CI 0.84, 0.48-1.55, P = 0.57) and any-cause mortality (HR, 95% CI 1.09, 0.58-2.17, P = 0.79) were comparable to those for patients on the 3-weekly regimen. The incidences of severe adverse events were also similar between the 3-weekly and 4-weekly regimens.

3-weekly and 4-weekly regimens of cabazitaxel showed similar efficacy and safety profiles in a real-world clinical setting. These data suggest that a 4-weekly regimen may be acceptable for selected patients.

Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology. 2019 May 21 [Epub ahead of print]

Masaki Shiota, Motonobu Nakamura, Akira Yokomizo, Toshihisa Tomoda, Naotaka Sakamoto, Narihito Seki, Shuji Hasegawa, Takakazu Yunoki, Masahiko Harano, Kentaro Kuroiwa, Masatoshi Eto

Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan. ., Department of Urology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan., Division of Urology, Harasanshin Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan., Department of Urology, Oita Prefectural Hospital, Oita, Japan., Department of Urology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan., Department of Urology, Kyushu Central Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan., Department of Urology, Kitakyushu Municipal Medical Center, Kitakyushu, Japan., Department of Urology, Japanese Red Cross Fukuoka Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan., Department of Urology, JCHO Kyushu Hospital, Kitakyushu, Japan., Department of Urology, Miyazaki Prefectural Miyazaki Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan., Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.