Prostate-specific-membrane-antigen (PSMA) is a transmembrane protein with significantly increased expression in the cells and metastases of prostate carcinoma (PCa). PSMA-expression correlates with higher serum levels of prostate-specific-antigen (PSA) and a higher Gleason Score (GS). This finding has led to the development of novel imaging modalities such as 68Ga-/18F-labeled PSMA PET/CT and PET/MRI. This article reviews the literature pertaining to various new imaging technologies for the management of PCa. PSMA PET/CT appears to be an excellent diagnostic tool, that may drastically impact the management of a large number of patients with primary and recurrent PCa.
Urology. 2019 Apr 12 [Epub ahead of print]
Manuela A Hoffmann, Helmut J Wieler, Christian Baues, Nicholas J Kuntz, Ines Richardsen, Mathias Schreckenberger
Specialist in Nuclear Medicine, Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; Head of the Supervisory Center for Medical Radiation Protection, Specialist in Nuclear Medicine, Specialist in Occupational and Preventive Medicine, Supervisory Center for Medical Radiation Protection, Bundeswehr Medical Service Headquarters, 56070 Koblenz, Germany; Specialist in Nuclear Medicine, Bundeswehr Institute for Preventive Medicine, 56070 Koblenz, Germany; Specialist in Nuclear Medicine, Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, Bundeswehr Central Hospital, 56072 Koblenz, Germany. Electronic address: ., Specialist in Nuclear Medicine, Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, Bundeswehr Central Hospital, 56072 Koblenz, Germany., Department of Radiation Oncology, CyberKnife Center and Radiation Reference Center of the GHSG, University of Cologne, 50937 Köln, Germany., Urology Clinic, US-Armed Forces Europe, Landstuhl Regional Medical Center APO, AE 09180, 66849 Landstuhl, Germany., Clinic of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, Bundeswehr Central Hospital, 56072, Koblenz, Germany., Specialist in Nuclear Medicine, Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany.